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Pythiosis
Pythiosis is a rare and deadly tropical disease caused by the fungus-like ''Pythium insidiosum''. Long regarded as being caused by a fungus, the causative agent was not discovered until 1987. It occurs most commonly in horses, dogs and humans, and there have been isolated cases in other large mammals. The disease is contracted after exposure to stagnant freshwater such as swamps, ponds, lakes, and rice paddies. ''Pythium insidiosum'' is different from other members of the genus in that human and horse hair, skin, and decaying animal and plant tissue are chemoattractants for its zoospores.〔 Additionally, it is the only member in the genus known to infect mammals, while other members are pathogenic to plants and are responsible for some very well known diseases in plants.
==Epidemiology==
Pythiosis occurs in areas with mild winters because the organism survives in standing water that does not reach freezing temperatures. In the United States it is most commonly found in the Southern Gulf states, especially Louisiana, Florida, and Texas but has also been reported as far away as California and Wisconsin.〔Gastrointestinal pythiosis in 10 dogs from California. J Vet Intern Med. 2008 Jul-Aug; 22(4):1065-9. Berryessa NA, Marks SL, Pesavento PA, Krasnansky T, Yoshimoto SK, Johnson EG, Grooters AM. Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.
〕 It is also found in southeast Asia, eastern Australia, New Zealand, and South America.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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