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Qidwai
The Qidwai or Kidwai ((ウルドゥー語:قدوای )) are a community of Muslims in Pakistan and India. They are mostly settled in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. They are also settled in the city of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, also they are settled in areas of the Middle East.〔''Caste and Social Stratification Among Muslims'' (Manohar, 1978), edited by Imtiaz Ahmed, p. 212.〕 The Qidwai, together with the Milki, Malik and Chaudhary are one of the four sub-group of a community who collectively form the Mian Muslim. The Mian Muslim were once a community of substantial landowners in the Awadh region.〔''People of India Uttar Pradesh'' (Manohar Publications), Volume XLII Part One, edited by A Hasan & J C Das pp. 968-972.〕
==History and origin==
The Qidwai claim descent from Qazi Qidwa, a prince of the Sultanate of Rûm, in what is now modern Turkey. There are differing traditions as to the ethnic origin of the Qazi. Some sources claim he was a descendent of Abu Bakr, the first caliph of Islam. Qazi Qidwa had a fall out with the Sultan, his brother, and migrated to India, with wife and son. There he became a close associate of the famous Sufi saint, Moinuddin Chishti. The saint is said to have sent him to the Awadh region to spread Islam, where he is said to have won over fifty villages to Islam. These fifty villages were later awarded to him, and the region became known as Qidwara.〔 According to another tradition, Qazi Qidwa is said have defeated a local ruler in the Awadh region by the name of Raja Jagdeopur. This Raja was said to have belonged to the aboriginal Bhar community. The original settlement of the tribe was Juggaur in Lucknow district, from where they spread to Barabanki District. The taluqdar families have historically intermarried with the Awadhi Bhatti, a neighbouring Muslim Rajput community, with whom they share many cultural traits.〔''Barabanki: A Gazetteer'' (Government of India Press, 1904), Volume XLVIII, by H. R Neville, p. 100.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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