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Quantiles are cutpoints dividing a set of observations into equal sized groups. There are one fewer quantiles than the number of groups created. Thus quartiles are the 3 cut points that will divide a dataset into four equal-size groups. Common quantiles have special names: for instance quartile, decile (creating 10 groups: see below for more). The groups created are termed halves, thirds, quarters, etc., though sometimes the terms for the quantile are used for the groups created, rather than for the cut points. -Quantiles are values that partition a finite set of values into subsets of (nearly) equal sizes. There are of the -quantiles, one for each integer satisfying . In some cases the value of a quantile may not be uniquely determined, as can be the case for the median (2-quantile) of a uniform probability distribution on a set of even size. Quantiles can also be applied to continuous distributions, providing a way to generalize rank statistics to continuous variables. When the cumulative distribution function of a random variable is known, the -quantiles are the application of the quantile function (the inverse function of the cumulative distribution function) to the values }. == Specialized quantiles == Some -quantiles have special names: *The only 2-quantile is called the median *The 3-quantiles are called tertiles or terciles → T *The 4-quantiles are called quartiles → Q *The 5-quantiles are called quintiles → QU *The 6-quantiles are called sextiles → S *The 10-quantiles are called deciles → D *The 12-quantiles are called duo-deciles → Dd *The 20-quantiles are called ventiles → V *The 100-quantiles are called percentiles → P *The 1000-quantiles are called permilles → Pr 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Quantile」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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