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Querolus
''Querolus'' (''The Complainer'') or ''Aulularia'' (''The Pot'') is an anonymous Latin comedy from late antiquity, the only Latin drama to survive from this period and the only ancient Latin comedy outside the works of Plautus and Terence.〔Küppers (1989), 82 n. 1.〕
==Title and Origins==
In his prologue to the spectators the author first says ''Aululariam hodie sumus acturi'' (‘We are going to perform the ''Aulularia'' today’),〔Ranstrand p. 5, 1.〕 then offers a choice of title: ''Querolus an Aulularia haec dicatur fabula, vestrum hinc iudicium, vestra erit sententia'' (‘Whether this play is called ''Querolus'' or ''Aulularia'' will be your judgement, your decision’).〔Ranstrand p. 5, 12-13.〕 The archetype of the surviving manuscripts seem to have had the title ''Aulularia'', along with a false attribution to Plautus, who had also written an ''Aulularia''. This comedy has been found in several manuscripts (the first belonging to the 9th century), but the most important is the ''Palatinus Latinus 1615'', conserved in the Vatican Library, which presents the ''Querolus'' before the usual 20 plautine comedies.〔 Amedeo Alessandro Raschieri, ''Aulularia sive Querolus. La commedia latina tra Antichità e Medioevo'' in S. Casarino, A. A. Raschieri, ''Il senso del comico e la commedia. Atti del convegno, Mondovì, 19 e 23 marzo-14 marzo 2010'', Aracne editrice, 2010, (page 71 ).〕 Modern scholars generally use the title ''Querolus'' to avoid confusion with Plautus’ ''Aulularia''.
Date and place of composition are uncertain.〔For discussion, see Cavallin (1951), 137-143; Küppers (1979).〕 Mention of lawlessness ''ad Ligerem'' (‘by the Loire’)〔Ranstrand p. 17, 13.〕 suggests a Gallic origin and perhaps an early fifth-century date, if it refers to a Bagaudae uprising. The work is addressed and dedicated to a certain Rutilius (perhaps Rutilius Namatianus), a ''vir illustris'' and of higher social standing than the author.〔Ranstrand p. 3, 1 ''Rutili venerande'', p. 4, 18 ''vir illustris'' (''vir'' is a conjectural supplement here, but the identification of Rutilius as a ''vir illustris'' does not depend on it).〕
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