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A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions and other prompts for the purpose of gathering information from respondents. Although they are often designed for statistical analysis of the responses, this is not always the case. The questionnaire was invented by the Statistical Society of London in 1838. A copy of the instrument is published in the Journal of the Statistical Society, Volume 1, Issue 1, 1838, pages 5–13. Questionnaires have advantages over some other types of surveys in that they are cheap, do not require as much effort from the questioner as verbal or telephone surveys, and often have standardized answers that make it simple to compile data. However, such standardized answers may frustrate users. Questionnaires are also sharply limited by the fact that respondents must be able to read the questions and respond to them. Thus, for some demographic groups conducting a survey by questionnaire may not be concrete. As a type of survey, questionnaires also have many of the same problems relating to question construction and wording that exist in other types of opinion polls. ==Types== A distinction can be made between questionnaires with questions that measure separate variables, and questionnaires with questions that are aggregated into either a scale or index.〔 Questionnaires within the former category are commonly part of surveys, whereas questionnaires in the latter category are commonly part of tests. Questionnaires with questions that measure separate variables, could for instance include questions on: * preferences (e.g. political party) * behaviors (e.g. food consumption) * facts (e.g. gender) Questionnaires with questions that are aggregated into either a scale or index, include for instance questions that measure: * latent traits (e.g. personality traits such as extroversion) * attitudes (e.g. towards immigration) * an index (e.g. Social Economic Status) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Questionnaire」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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