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Quinceañera
Quinceañera ((:kinseaˈɲeɾa); feminine form of "fifteen-year-old"), also called ''fiesta de quince años'', ''fiesta de quinceañera'', ''quince años'', ''quinceañero'' or simply ''quince'', is a celebration of a girl's fifteenth birthday in parts of Latin America and elsewhere in communities of people from Latin America. This birthday is celebrated differently from any other as it marks the transition from childhood to young womanhood.〔(U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops. )〕 Latin myths and tradition tell about how girls were prepared to be married by the age of fifteen or become nuns. In the years prior to their fifteenth birthdays, girls were taught to cook, weave, and about child rearing by the elder women in their communities in preparation for their expected lives as married women.〔()〕
The celebrations today vary significantly across countries; celebrations in some countries, for example, have taken on more religious overtones than in others.
In Brazil, a Portuguese-speaking country, the same celebration is called ''festa de debutantes'', ''baile de debutantes'' or ''festa de quinze anos''. In the French Caribbean and French Guiana, it is called ''fête des quinze ans''. The grandest parties are comparable to the debutante balls formerly common among the upper-class in the United Kingdom and the United States. The quinceañera is celebrated according to their national traditions by many Latino communities in the United States.
== Origin ==
Quinceañeras originated from Aztec culture around 500 B.C. At age fifteen boys became warriors and girls were viewed as mothers of future warriors, marking the age in which a girl became a woman. Over time, the quinceañera has continued to represent the symbolic change of a girl to a woman, yet birthing new warriors is not a new woman's primary occupation anymore. The quinceañera is a celebration for latin girls, turning fifteen, are honored for having maintained their virginity up to this point in their lives. The festivities combine Spanish-Catholic traditions with the Aztec and Indigenous heritage. In ancient Mexico or Mexica, the Aztecs had many ceremonies to mark passages through the stages of life; this specific passage marks a young woman becoming an adult, by being presented as a virgin to the community for probable suitors. In a traditional Mexican quinceañera, there are damas and chambelanes, the people who do the dances at the quinceañera along with the Quinceañera. There is also a "man of honor," or accompanying male. A dowry, or bridal wealth, is presented to the family of the young woman by potential suitors as gifts for the family. Prior to the giving away of the young woman, the women engage in festivities in instructing the girl in her duties and responsibilities, urging her to follow the correct path, remaining true to her people and their traditions, in her life.〔 The meaning behind the quincerañera has become more refined over time and has been adapted into various latin cultures based on the country they are in.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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