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Quiriguá ((:kiɾiˈɣwa)) is an ancient Maya archaeological site in the department of Izabal in south-eastern Guatemala. It is a medium-sized site covering approximately along the lower Motagua River,〔Ashmore 1980, p.24.〕 with the ceremonial center about from the north bank.〔 During the Maya Classic Period (AD 200–900), Quiriguá was situated at the juncture of several important trade routes. The site was occupied by 200, construction on the acropolis had begun by about 550, and an explosion of grander construction started in the 8th century. All construction had halted by about 850, except for a brief period of reoccupation in the Early Postclassic (''c''. 900 – ''c''. 1200). Quiriguá shares its architectural and sculptural styles with the nearby Classic Period city of Copán, with whose history it is closely entwined.〔Miller 1999, p.49.〕 Quiriguá's rapid expansion in the 8th century was tied to king K'ak' Tiliw Chan Yopaat's military victory over Copán in 738. When the greatest king of Copán, Uaxaclajuun Ub'aah K'awiil or "18-Rabbit", was defeated, he was captured and then sacrificed in the Great Plaza at Quiriguá.〔Looper 2003, pp.4–5, 83.〕 Before this, Quiriguá had been a vassal state of Copán, but it maintained its independence afterwards. The ceremonial architecture at Quiriguá is quite modest, but the site's importance lies in its wealth of sculpture, including the tallest stone monumental sculpture ever erected in the New World.〔 ==Name and location== The archaeological site of Quiriguá is named after the nearby village of the same name,〔Looper 2003, viii.〕 and is located a little over northeast of Guatemala City;〔Stross et al. 1983, p.333.〕 it lies in the municipality of Los Amates in the department of Izabal and has an elevation of above mean sea level.〔Inforpress.〕 Positioned on the north bank of the lower reaches of the Motagua River, Quiriguá is situated at the point where the valley broadens into a flood plain, which has exposed the site to periodic flooding over the centuries.〔〔Looper 2003, p.35.〕 Although the river passed close to the site during the period of the city's occupation, it has since changed course and now flows south of the ceremonial centre.〔 Quiriguá is north of Copán,〔 and is located north-west of the international border with Honduras. The local bedrock is a hard red sandstone, which the inhabitants used in the construction of monuments and architecture. This local sandstone is very strong and not prone to shearing or fracturing, allowing the sculptors at Quiriguá to erect the tallest freestanding stone monuments in the Americas.〔Miller 1999, p.82.〕 Quiriguá was built directly over the Motagua Fault and the city suffered damage in ancient times as a result of major earthquakes.〔Sharer & Traxler 2006, p.507.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Quiriguá」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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