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Dubrovnik (; also known by other alternative names) is a Croatian city on the Adriatic Sea, in the region of Dalmatia. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations in the Mediterranean Sea, a seaport and the center of Dubrovnik-Neretva County. Its total population is 42,615 (census 2011).〔 In 1979, the city of Dubrovnik joined the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. The prosperity of the city was historically based on maritime trade; as the capital of the maritime Republic of Ragusa, it achieved a high level of development, particularly during the 15th and 16th centuries, as it became notable for its wealth and skilled diplomacy. The beginning of modern tourism is associated with the construction of the Hotel Imperial in Dubrovnik in 1897. According to CNNGo, Dubrovnik is among the 10 best preserved medieval walled cities in the world.〔(10 best medieval walled cities on CNNGo.com )〕 Although it was demilitarised in the 1970s to protect it from war, in 1991, after the breakup of Yugoslavia, it was besieged by the Serb and Montenegrin soldiers gathered in the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) for seven months and suffered significant damage from shelling.〔http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1196879.stm〕〔http://www.justdubrovnik.com/2013/10/anniversary-of-attack-on-dubrovnik/5624/〕〔B.Anzulovic: Heavenly Serbia: From Myth to Genocide, NYU Press, 1999〕〔K. Morrison: Montenegro: A Modern History, I. B. Tauris, 2009〕〔Dr. Katheleen Wilkes devoted her life to the victory of Croatia http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/wilkes.html〕〔S.Pavlovic: Reckoning: The 1991 Siege of Dubrovnik and the Consequences of the “War for Peace”, York University, http://www.yorku.ca/soi/_Vol_5_1/_HTML/Pavlovic.html〕〔http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19920527&slug=1493982〕〔New York Times, November 1991, Serbia's Spiteful War, http://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/06/opinion/serbia-s-spiteful-war.html〕〔New York Times, November 1992, As Siege Ends, Croats Return to Ruined City, http://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/03/world/as-siege-ends-croats-return-to-ruined-city.html〕 ==Name== The historical Latin and Dalmatian name of Dubrovnik is ''ラテン語:Ragusa'' (), or ''ラテン語:Ragusium'' in older form. The Latin, Italian and Dalmatian name Ragusa derives its name from Lausa (from the Greek ξαυ: xau, "precipice"); it was later altered in Rausium (Appendini says that until after AD 1100, the sea passed over the site of modern Ragusa, if so, it could only have been over the Placa or Stradun) or Rausia (even Lavusa, Labusa, Raugia and Rachusa) and finally into Ragusa. It might also be related to the Albanian word ''rrush'' meaning ''grapes''. The current name was officially adopted in 1918 after the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, but was in use from the Middle Ages. It is also referred to as Dubrovnik in the Charter of Ban Kulin in 1189. See also: Other names of Dubrovnik. The name is from ''dubrava'', which means "oak grove". ''dub'' in Croatian language means "oak". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dubrovnik」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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