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Rakhigarhi, or Rakhi Garhi ((ヒンディー語:राखीगढ़ी); ''Rakhi Shahpur'' + ''Rakhi Khas''), is a village in Hisar District in the state of Haryana in India, situated in the north-west about 150 kilometers from Delhi. In 1963, Archeological Survey of India discovered that this place was the site of the largest known city of the Indus Valley civilization, ancient and larger than Harappa and Mohenjo-daro sites.〔http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/rakhigarhi-all-set-to-be-developed-as-a-heritage-site-as-plans-road-to-fame-through-harappa/1/260032.html〕 It is situated on the dry bed of the Sarasvati river, which had once flown through this place and dried up around 2000 BC.〔The Lost River:On The Trail of the Sarasvati by Michel Danino, Penguin India, 2010.〕〔The Saraswati Flows on:The Continuity of Indian Culture by B.B.Lal (2002) Ex-Director General, Archaeological Survey of India〕 According to the archaeologists, Rakhigarhi is an ideal nucleus from where the Harappan civilisation began in the Ghaggar basin in Haryana and gradually grew from here and slowly expanded to the Indus valley.〔http://www.hisar.nic.in/historyrakhigarhi.aspx〕〔http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/rakhigarhi-the-biggest-harappan-site/article5840414.ece〕 Rakhigarhi, being the largest Indus Valley Civilization site, will likely be placed in the UNESCO’s World heritage site list.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/chandigarh/rakhigarhi-likely-on-unescos-world-heritage-list.html )〕 ==Excavation== Since 1997 the Archaeological Survey of India has undertaken a detailed excavation of the site, revealing the size of the lost city (at least 3.0 km²) and recovering numerous artefacts, some over 5,000 years old. Rakhigarhi was occupied at Early Harappan times.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.frontline.in/arts-and-culture/heritage/harappan-surprises/article6032206.ece?homepage=true )〕 Evidence of paved roads, drainage system, large rainwater collection, storage system, terracotta bricks, statue production, and skilled working of bronze and precious metals have been uncovered. Jewellery, including bangles made from terracotta, conch shells, gold, and semi-precious stones, have also been found.〔(''Chandigarh Newsline'', 2/23/2007, 'Rakhigarhi is the Largest Harappan Site Ever Found' )〕 There are nine mounds in Rakhigarhi which are named RGR-1 to RGR-9, of which RGR-5 is thickly populated by establishment of Rakhishahpur village and is not available for excavations. RGR-1 to RGR-3, RGR6 to RGR9 and some part of RGR-4 are available for excavations.〔 In 2014 six radiocarbon datings from excavations al Rakhigarhi between 1997 and 2000 were published, corresponding to the three periods at the site as per archaeologist Amarendra Nath (Pre-formative, Early Harappan, and Mature Harappan). Mound RGR-6 revealed a Pre-formative stage designated as Sothi Phase with the following two datings: 6420 +/- 110 and 6230 +/- 320 years Before Present, converted to 4470 +/- 110 BC and 4280 +/- 320 BC.〔Nath, Amarendra, Tejas Garge and Randall Law, 2014. "Defining the Economical Space of Harappan Rakhigarhi", in Puratattva 44, Indian Archaeological Society, New Delhi, pp. 84 ()〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rakhigarhi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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