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Rakni's Mound
Rakni's Mound ((ノルウェー語:Raknehaugen)) in Ullensaker is the largest free-standing prehistoric monument in Norway and one of the largest barrows in Northern Europe. It dates to the Migration Age and has been the subject of three archaeological investigations.
==Description and location==
The mound is 77 metres in diameter and over 15 metres in height,〔(Rakni's Mound—The Largest Barrow in Northern Europe ), Rakni's Mound, Akershus Kulturnett.〕 the largest in Scandinavia.〔David Mackenzie Wilson, ed., ''The Northern World: The History and Heritage of Northern Europe A D 400–1100'', London: Thames and Hudson / New York: Abrams, 1980, ISBN 978-0-500-25070-9, (p. 146 ) and Bjørn Myhre, "The Iron Age", in ''Cambridge History of Scandinavia'' volume 1 ''Prehistory to 1520'', ed. Knut Helle, Cambridge/New York: Cambridge University, 2003, ISBN 978-0-521-47299-9, pp. 60–93, p. 87, (online edition p. 107 ) (pdf) both put its diameter at "approximately" or "nearly" 95 metres.〕〔Frans-Arne Stylegar, ("Raknehaugen" ), ''Store norske leksikon'' online, retrieved 19 January 2012 〕〔(Raknehaugen, Ullensaker ), Gardermoen.no 〕 Carbon-14 dating in 1956–57 (the first use of the technique in Norway) dated its construction to the Migration Age, between 440 and 625.〔(Older and Recent Research around Rakni’s Mound ), Rakni's Mound, Akershus Kulturnett.〕 Later research has refined this to the mid-6th century, probably between 533 and 551.〔(Eldre og nyere forskning rundt Raknehaugen ), Raknehaugen, Akershus Kulturnett: "på midten av 500-tallet e. Kr., trolig mellom 533 og 551 e. Kr." The corresponding English-language page incorrectly translates this BC.〕
It is located next to a small lake or pond near where the old road from Lake Mjøsa to Oslo and the road to Nannestad meet,〔 probably the centre of an ancient chiefdom.〔Wilson, p. 134; Myhre, p. 87, pdf p. 107.〕 The farm, which is mentioned in records from the Middle Ages, is called Ljøgodt from ''Ljoðgata'' (Old Norse for "main track"); another nearby farm, also mentioned in medieval sources, is called Haug (from Old Norse ''haugr'' "hill; mound") after the mound.〔(Rakni’s Mound and its Surrounding Cultural Landscape ), Rakni's Mound, Akershus Kulturnett.〕 The great mound was surrounded by smaller, later burials until the early twentieth century; aerial photographs show the outlines of more than 30 now effaced mounds, and archaeological digs have dated burials between the 7th century and the Viking Age. They were mostly simple cremations with few grave goods,〔For example an early Viking Age cremation burial uncovered in May 2009, which included fragments of a bone comb: Anne Ekornholmen, ("Kull og menneskebein fra tidlig vikingtid" ), ''Romerikes Blad'' 13 June 2009 〕 and three are in the trench around the mound itself.〔
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