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The term ramogen refers to a biological factor, typically a growth factor or other protein, that causes a developing biological cell or tissue to branch in a tree-like manner. Ramogenic molecules are branch promoting molecules found throughout the human body,.〔Davies, J. A., & Davey, M. G. (1999). Collecting duct morphogenesis. Pediatric Nephrology, 13(6), 535-541.〕 Brief History The term was first coined (from the Latin ramus = branch and the Greek genesis = creation) in an article about kidney development by Davies and Davey (Pediatr Nephrol. 1999 Aug;13(6):535-41). In the article, Davies and Davy describe the existence of "ramogens" in the kidney as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors, neurturin and persephin.〔Davies, J. A., & Davey, M. G. (1999). Collecting duct morphogenesis. Pediatric Nephrology, 13(6), 535-541.〕 The term has now passed into general use in the technical literature concerned with branching of biological structures. Function A ramogen is a biochemical signal that enables the creation of a physiological branch. The signal can be in the form of a growth factor or a hormone that makes a tube branch. One specific example would be the hormone that forms the simple tube through which the mammary glands begin to form causing the formation of a highly branched “tree” of milk ducts in females.〔Davies, J.A. (2005). Mechanisms of Morphogenesis: the creation of biological form. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Inc.〕 Types of Ramogens Mesenchyme-derived ramogens are found throughout the body and serve as chemoattractants to branching tissues. An example of how this works is found through a study on a bead soaked in the renal ramogen GDNF. When this ramogen was placed next to a kidney sample in culture, the nearby uteric parts branch and grow toward it.〔Davies, J.A. (2005). Mechanisms of Morphogenesis: the creation of biological form. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Inc.〕 Another example of a ramogen in use was found in the lungs. The existence of Sprouty2 in the body is demonstrated in response to the signaling of the ramogen FGF10, serving as an inhibitor of branching.〔Davies, J.A. (2005). Mechanisms of Morphogenesis: the creation of biological form. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Inc.〕 The following table is a list of Key Ramogens in Branching Organs of a mouse species.〔Davies, J.A. (2005). Mechanisms of Morphogenesis: the creation of biological form. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Inc.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ramogen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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