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Raney nickel
Raney nickel is a fine-grained solid composed mostly of nickel derived from a nickel-aluminium alloy. A variety of grades are known, but most are gray solids. Some are pyrophoric, most are used as air-stable slurries. Raney nickel is used as a reagent and as a catalyst in organic chemistry. It was developed in 1926 by American engineer Murray Raney for the hydrogenation of vegetable oils.〔See:
* Raney, Murray, ("Method of producing finely-divided nickel," ) U.S. patent 1,628,190 (filed: 14 May 1926 ; issued: 10 May 1927).
* M. S. Wainwright, "3.2 Skeletal metal catalysts" in: Gerhard Ertl, Helmut Knözinger, and Jens Weitkamp, ed.s, ''Preparaton of Solid Catalysts'' (Weinheim, Federal Republic of Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag, 1999), (pages 28–29. )〕〔Teng-Kuei Yang, Dong-Sheng Lee, Julia Haas "Raney Nickel" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis 2005 John Wiley, New York.〕
==Nomenclature==
Since Raney is a registered trademark of W. R. Grace and Company, only those products by its Grace Division division are properly called "Raney nickel". The more generic terms "skeletal catalyst" or "sponge-metal catalyst" may be used to refer to catalysts with physical and chemical properties similar to those of Raney nickel. However, since the Grace company itself does not use any generic names for the catalysts it is supplying, "Raney" may become generic under US trademark law.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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