|
Ratiaria (or: Raetiaria, Retiaria, Reciaria, Razaria; (ブルガリア語:Рациария); (ギリシア語:Ραζαρία μητρόπολις); later named ''Colonia Ulpia Traiana Ratiaria'') was a city founded by Moesi, a Daco-Thracian tribe, in 4th century BC, along the river Danube. The former Archdiocese was revived as Latin Catholic Metropolitan titular archbishopric. The city had a gold mine in the vicinity, which was exploited by the Thracians. It is located 2 km west of present village Archar in Vidin Province, northwestern Bulgaria. The closest modern cities are Vidin (27 km. to the north west) and Lom (28 km. to the east). == History == Ratiaria was conquered by the Dacians of Burebista and later by Romans. The earliest involvement of the Romans occurred in 75 BC, when Gaius Curio Scribonius Burbuleio, prefect of Macedonia, entered this territory to ward off Scordisci, the Dardani and Daci. Only during the principate of Augustus, the Romans conquered the region, which was organized in the province of Moesia. In 33/34 AD a road is linked between Viminacium and Ratiaria. The city was certainly less important than the near Sirmium, Viminacium and Naissus, but its location along the Danube limes made it a key point to station a legion. Legio IV Flavia Felix was based here at least until the conquest of Dacia (101-106 AD), together with the military fleet of Classis Moesica (during Vespasian). After the conquest of Dacia, the castrum was abandoned and became a colonia within Moesia Superior under the name ''Colonia Ulpia Traiana Ratiaria'' (107 AD), named after its founder, Emperor Trajan. With the definitive abandonment of Dacia Traiana by Aurelian in 271, the old castra were reopened and was utilized as part of the Dacia Aureliana and later the Eastern Roman Empire. It is unclear whether Aurelian or the Emperor Diocletian replaced Dacia Aureliana with two provinces,〔Bury, p. 135. ''The date must be A.D. 283, and it is obvious that Aurelian set up the boundary stones, one of which Gaianus restored. There were, then, two Dacias when Diocletian came to the throne and, therefore, Mr. Fillow has inferred that we should read in our List: Dacia Later these two “Dacias” along with Dardania, Moesia Inferior and Praevalitana constituted the Diocese of Dacia. As the capital of Dacia Ripensis, Ratiaria served both as the seat of the military governor (or dux) and as the military base for the Roman legion XIII ''Gemina''. A number of Roman patricians (aristocrats) lived in Ratiaria, while the nearby Bononia (today's Vidin) had established a small military unit. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ratiaria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|