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| public law url = http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-119/pdf/STATUTE-119-Pg231.pdf | cite public law = 109-13 | cite statutes at large = | acts amended = | acts repealed = | title amended = 8 U.S.C.: Aliens and Nationality | sections created = | sections amended = § 1101 et seq. | leghisturl = http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d109:HR00418:@@@X | introducedin = House | introducedbill = | introducedby = Jim Sensenbrenner (R–WI) | introduceddate = January 26, 2005 | committees = House Judiciary, House Homeland Security, House Government Reform, Senate Judiciary | passedbody1 = House | passeddate1 = February 10, 2005 | passedvote1 = 261-161 | passedbody2 = Senate | passeddate2 = April 21, 2005 | passedvote2 = 99-0 , in lieu of | conferencedate = May 3, 2005 | passedbody3 = House | passeddate3 = May 5, 2005 | passedvote3 = 368-58 , in lieu of | passedbody4 = Senate | passeddate4 = May 10, 2005 | passedvote4 = 100-0 , in lieu of | signedpresident = George W. Bush | signeddate = May 11, 2005〔 | amendments = | SCOTUS cases = }} The REAL ID Act of 2005, , was an Act of Congress that modified U.S. federal law pertaining to security, authentication, and issuance procedures standards for the state driver's licenses and identification (ID) cards, as well as various immigration issues pertaining to terrorism. The law sets forth requirements for state driver's licenses and ID cards to be accepted by the federal government for "official purposes", as defined by the Secretary of Homeland Security. The Secretary of Homeland Security has currently defined "official purposes" as presenting state driver's licenses and identification cards for boarding commercially operated airline flights and entering federal buildings and nuclear power plants, although the law gives the Secretary the unlimited authority to require a "federal identification" for any other purposes that the Secretary shall determine.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-109publ13/html/PLAW-109publ13.htm )〕 The REAL ID Act implements the following: * Title II of the act establishes new federal standards for state-issued driver licenses and non-driver identification cards. * Changing visa limits for temporary workers, nurses, and Australian citizens. * Funding some reports and pilot projects related to border security. * Introducing rules covering "delivery bonds" (similar to bail bonds but for aliens who have been released pending hearings). * Updating and tightening the laws on application for asylum and deportation of aliens for terrorist activity. * Waiving laws that interfere with construction of physical barriers at the borders. On December 20, 2013, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security announced that implementation of Phase 1 would begin on January 20, 2014, which followed a yearlong period of "deferred enforcement". There are four planned phases, three of which apply to areas that affect relatively few U.S. citizens—e.g., DHS headquarters, nuclear power plants, and restricted and semi-restricted federal facilities. The timeline for Phase 4, which applies to boarding federally regulated commercial aircraft, will be determined after DHS conducts an evaluation of how the first three phases were implemented. To "ensure that the public has ample advanced () notice", DHS says that Phase 4 will not be implemented before January 1, 2016.〔 As of October 2015, 23 states or territories are compliant, 31 have been granted extensions, and two are noncompliant.〔 ==Legislative history== The Real ID Act started off as , which passed the House〔(261-161-11 House.gov )〕 and went stagnant. Representative James Sensenbrenner (R) of Wisconsin, the author of the original Real ID Act, then attached it as a rider on a military spending bill, , the ''Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Tsunami Relief, 2005''. The House of Representatives passed that spending bill with the Real ID rider 368–58,〔(HR 1268: Making emergency supplemental appropriations )〕 and the Senate passed the joint House-Senate conference report on that bill 100–0.〔(Senate.gov )〕 President Bush signed it into law on May 11, 2005. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「REAL ID Act」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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