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Recaldent : ウィキペディア英語版
Recaldent

Recaldent, with the technical name casein phosphopeptide – amorphous calcium phosphate, or CPP-ACP, is a milk-derived product that is claimed to remineralize teeth and help prevent dental caries, also known as tooth decay.
== Properties ==
Casein phosphopeptides (CPP) from the major protein of milk have the ability to stabilize calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions as water-soluble amorphous complexes that provide bioavailable calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions to the tooth.〔Cross KJ, Huq NL, Palamara JE, Perich JW, Reynolds EC (2005). “Physicochemical characterization of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplexes.” ''Journal of Biological Chemistry'' 280:15362-15369. PMID 19704195. DOI 10.1074/jbc.M413504200.〕〔Cross KJ, Huq NL, Stanton D, Sum M, Reynolds EC (2004). “NMR studies of a novel calcium, phosphate and fluoride delivery vehicle aS1-casein(59-79) by stabilized amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate nanocomplexes.” ''Biomaterials'' 25: 5061-5069. PMID 15109869.DOI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.01.045.〕〔Cochrane NJ, Cai F, Huq NL, Burrow MF, Reynolds EC (2010)."New Approaches to Enhanced Remineralization of Tooth Enamel." ''Journal of Dental Research'' DOI 10.1177/0022034510376046.〕 These complexes of amorphous calcium phosphate and amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate stabilized by the CPP have been demonstrated in a range of laboratory, animal and short-term human clinical trials to repair (remineralise) early stages of tooth decay by replacing the calcium and phosphate ions lost due to decay.〔Reynolds EC (2009). “Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate: the scientific evidence.” ''Advances in Dental Research'' 21: 25-29. PMID 19717407. DOI 10.1177/0895937409335619.〕〔Llena C, Forner L, Baca P (2009). “Anticariogenicity of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate: A review of the literature.” ''Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice'' 10:1-9. PMID 19430620.〕 Three longer-term, randomized, controlled clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of CPP-ACP in slowing the progression of dental caries and in regressing (repairing) early stages of tooth decay.〔Andersson A, Sköld-Larsson K, Hallgren A, Petersson LG, Twetman S (2007). “Effect of a dental cream containing amorphous calcium phosphate complexes on white spot lesion regression assessed by laser fluorescence.” ''Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry'' 5:229-233. PMID 17977295.〕〔Morgan MV, Adams GG, Bailey DL, Tsao CE, Fischman SL, Reynolds EC (2008). “The anticariogenic effect of sugar-free gum containing CPP-ACP nanocomplexes on approximal caries determined using digital bitewing radiography.” ''Caries Research'' 42:171-184. PMID 18446025. DOI 10.1159/000128561.〕〔Bailey DL, Adams GG, Tsao CE, Hyslop A, Escobar K, Manton DJ, Reynolds EC, Morgan MV (2009). “Regression of post-orthodontic lesions by a remineralizing cream.” ''Journal of Dental Research'' 88:1148–1153. PMID 19887683. DOI 10.1177/0022034509347168.〕 Another randomly controlled trial showed that CPP and calcium carbonate in a toothpaste formulation, which would spontaneously form CPP-ACP in saliva, significantly reduced caries experience in children compared with a control toothpaste.〔Rao SK, Bhat GS, Aradhya S, Devi A, Bhat M (2009). “Study of the efficacy of toothpaste containing casein phosphopeptide in the prevention of dental caries: a randomized controlled trial in 12- to 15-year-old high caries risk children in Bangalore, India.” ''Caries Research'' 43:430-435. PMID 19864905. DOI 10.1159/000252976.〕 A systematic review with meta-analysis by Yengopal and Mickenautsch〔Yengopal V, Mickenautsch S (2009). “Caries preventive effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP): a meta-analysis.” ''Acta Odontologica Scandinavica'' 21:321-332. PMID 19701818. DOI 10.1080/00016350903160563.〕 concluded that ''“the results of the clinical in situ trials indicate a short-term remineralization effect of CPP-ACP. Additionally, the promising in vivo RCT results suggest a caries-preventing effect for long-term clinical CPP-ACP use”. '' Recaldent (CPP-ACP) can be applied to the teeth via sugar-free gum, medicated tooth crème and fortified dairy milk.

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