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Recursive tree : ウィキペディア英語版
Recursive tree
In graph theory, a recursive tree (i.e., unordered tree) is a non-planar labeled rooted tree. A size-''n'' recursive tree is labeled by distinct integers 1, 2, ..., ''n'', where the labels are strictly increasing starting at the root labeled 1. Recursive trees are non-planar, which means that the children of a particular node are not ordered. E.g. the following two size-three recursive trees are the same.

1 1
/ \ = / \
/ \ / \
2 3 3 2

Recursive trees also appear in literature under the name Increasing Cayley trees.
==Properties ==
The number of size-''n'' recursive trees is given by
: T_n= (n-1)!. \,
Hence the exponential generating function ''T''(''z'') of the sequence ''T''''n'' is given by
: T(z)= \sum_ T_n \frac=\log\left(\frac\right).
Combinatorically a recursive tree can be interpreted as a root followed by an unordered sequence of recursive trees. Let ''F'' denote the family of recursive trees.
: F= \circ + \frac\cdot \circ \times F
+ \frac\cdot \circ \times F
* F
+ \frac\cdot \circ \times F
* F
* F
* \cdots
= \circ\times\exp(F),
where \circ denotes the node labeled by 1, × the Cartesian product and
* the partition product for labeled objects.
By translation of the formal description one obtains the differential equation for ''T''(''z'')
: T'(z)= \exp(T(z)),
with ''T''(0) = 0.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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