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The ''Reichsarbeitsdienst'' (RAD, "Reich Labour Service") was a major organisation established by Nazi Germany as an agency to help mitigate the effects of unemployment on German economy, militarise the workforce and indoctrinate it with Nazi ideology. It was the official state labour service, divided into separate sections for men and women. From June 1935 onwards, men aged between 18 and 25 had to serve six months before their military service. During World War II compulsory service also included young women and the RAD developed to an auxiliary formation which provided support for the ''Wehrmacht'' armed forces. ==Foundation== In the course of the Great Depression, the German government of the Weimar Republic under Chancellor Heinrich Brüning by emergency decree had established the ''Freiwilliger Arbeitsdienst'' ('Voluntary Labour Service', FAD) on 5 June 1931, two years before the Nazi Party (NSDAP) ascended to power. The state sponsored employment organisation provided services to civic and land improvement projects, from 16 July 1932 it was headed by Friedrich Syrup in the official rank of a ''Reichskommissar''. The idea of a national compulsory service was quite popular, especially in right-wing circles, but it had little effect on the economic situation. The concept was adopted by Adolf Hitler, who upon the Nazi ''Machtergreifung'' in 1933 appointed Konstantin Hierl state secretary in the Reich Ministry of Labour, responsible for FAD matters. Hierl was already a high-ranking member of the NSDAP and head of the party's labour organization, the ''Nationalsozialistischer Arbeitsdienst'' or NSAD. Hierl developed the concept of a state labour service organisation similar to the ''Reichswehr'' army, with a view to implementing a compulsory service. Meant as an evasion of the regulations set by the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, voluntariness initially was maintained after protests by the Geneva World Disarmament Conference. Hierl's rivalry with Labour Minister Franz Seldte led to the affiliation of his office as a FAD ''Reichskommissar'' with the Interior Ministry under his party fellow Wilhelm Frick. On 11 July 1934, the NSAD was renamed ''Reichsarbeitsdienst'' or RAD with Hierl as its director until the end of World War II. By law issued on 26 June 1935, the RAD was re-established as an amalgamation of the many prior labour organisations formed in Germany during the times of the Weimar Republic,〔Hartmut Heyck, ("Labour Services in the Weimar Republic and their Ideological Godparents" ), ''Journal of Contemporary History'', 2003; 38: 221-236〕 with Hierl as appointed ''Reichsarbeitsführer'' (Reich Labour Leader) according to the ''Führerprinzip''. With massive financial support by the German government, RAD members were to provide service for mainly military and to a lesser extent civic and agricultural construction projects. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Reichsarbeitsdienst」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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