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Ras al-Ayn (, (クルド語:Serê Kaniyê), ), (トルコ語:Resülayn)), also spelled Ras al-Ain, is a city in northeastern Syria. One of the oldest civilizations in Upper Mesopotamia, the area of Ras al-Ayn is inhabited since at least the Neolithic age (c. 8.000 B.C.). Later known as the ancient Aramean city of Sikkan, the Roman city of Rhesaina, and the Byzantine city of Theodosiopolis, the town was several times destroyed and rebuild, and in medieval times fiercely embattled between several Muslim dynasties. With the 1921 Treaty of Ankara Ras al-Ayn became a divided city when its northern part, today's Ceylanpınar, were ceded to Turkey. Today, with a population of 29,347 (as of 2004),〔 it is the third largest city in al-Hasakah Governorate and administrative center of Ras al-Ayn District. The city is predominantly inhabited by Arabs and Kurds in addition to a significant number of Syriacs/Assyrians and a smaller number of Armenians and Chechens. Since the Syrian Civil War, it became part of Jazira Canton in the ''de facto'' autonomous region of Rojava. == Etymology == The first mention of the town is in Akkadian ''""''〔 during the reign of the Assyrian king Adad-nirari II (911-891 BC).〔 The Arabic name "''Ras al-Ayn''" derives from the Akkadian and has the same meaning: ''"head of the spring"''. Or, idiomatically, "Hill of the spring" - indicating a prominent mountain formation close to a well. The ancient Greek geographer Ptolemy (d. 168) names the town ''"Raisena"''. The town was called in the Roman empire as "''Ressaina/Resaina''". Another name was ''Theodosiopolis'' after emperor Theodosius I who enlarged the town in 380.〔 In addition to "''Ras al-Ayn''" medieval Arabic Muslim sources refer to the town sometimes as "''Ain Werda''".〔 Nineteenth century English sources refer to the town as "Ras Ain" or "Ain Verdeh" (1819) or ''"Ras el Ain"'' (1868).〔 The Kurdish name also means "head of the spring" or "head of the Fountain". It means water source areas in Kurdish. This name is probably a modern literal translation of the ancient Semitic name. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ras al-Ayn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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