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Ringnes is the largest brewer in Norway.〔(''Ringnes AS'' (Store norske leksikon) ). Snl.no. Retrieved on 2 July 2011.〕 ==History== Ringnes AS was founded in 1876. The company's brewery in the Grünerløkka district of Oslo produced its first beer in 1877. The brewery was founded by brothers Amund and Ellef Ringnes (Amund was the brewer, Ellef the administrator and salesman) together with financial director Axel Heiberg. Amund Ringnes (1840–1907) and Ellef Ringnes (1842–1929), were both born and grew up on the historic Ringnes farm in Krødsherad.〔(''Amund Ringnes'' (Store norske leksikon) ). Snl.no. Retrieved on 2 July 2011.〕〔(''Ellef Ringnes'' (Store norske leksikon) ). Snl.no. Retrieved on 2 July 2011.〕 Ringnes produces beer, soft drinks and mineral water. Ringnes has six production plants: Nittedal (main plant Gjelleråsen), Trondheim (EC Dahl's Brewery), Arendal (Arendals Brewery), Bodø (Nordland brewery), Larvik (Farris mineral water) and Imsdalen in Østerdalen (Imsdalfabrikken). The company sponsored the polar expeditions of Fridtjof Nansen and Otto Sverdrup and funded the construction of the exploration vessel ''Fram''. During his exploration of the high Canadian Arctic in 1900, Sverdrup named three large islands after his sponsors (Axel Heiberg Island, Amund Ringnes Island, and Ellef Ringnes Island). The Geiberg Islands (Гейберга Острова) in the Russian Arctic were named after Axel Heiberg, and Ostrov Ringnes (Остров Рингнес), the largest island of the Mona group in the Kara Sea, was named after the brewery.〔(''Mer enn 1000 års historie'' (Ringnes Gård) ). Ringnesgaard.no. Retrieved on 2 July 2011.〕 Ringnes remained a family-owned business until 1978, when it merged with De sammensluttede Bryggerier A/S (which had been formed by the union of drinks companies Frydenlund and Schous) forming Nora Industrier. Later they also bought family-owned traditional brands as E. C. Dahls Brewery (1987), Arendals (1980) and Tou (1990).〔(''Nora Industrier'' (Store norske leksikon) ). Snl.no. Retrieved on 2 July 2011.〕 Nora in turn merged with Orkla Group in 1991. Orkla placed Ringnes into a combined business unit, together with Swedish brewer Pripps. In 2000 Orkla made a deal with Danish drinks giant Carlsberg whereby Pripps Ringnes became a part of Carlsberg, in exchange for Orkla owning 40% of Carlsberg. When, in 2004, Carlsberg bought out Orkla's shares, Ringnes was for the first time entirely owned by a foreign company. Christian Ringnes, a descendant of the founders told daily business newspaper ''Dagens Næringsliv'' that "a country without a leading beer brand is like a man without potency",〔("Orkla bosses can gain on Ringnes sale" ), ''Aftenposten'',26 February 2004, URL retrieved 19 June 2006〕 and called the sale a national catastrophe.〔("Ringnes: Carlsberg buyout a national catastrophe" ) ''Copenhagen Post'', 20 February 2004, URL retrieved 18 June 2006 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ringnes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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