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Mstislav Leopoldovich "Slava" Rostropovich, KBE ((ロシア語:Мстисла́в Леопо́льдович Ростропо́вич), ''Mstislav Leopol'dovič Rostropovič'', ; March 27, 1927 – April 27, 2007), was a Soviet and Russian cellist and conductor. He is considered to be one of the greatest cellists ever to have lived. In addition to his interpretations and technique, he was well known for both inspiring and commissioning new works, which enlarged the cello repertoire more than any cellist before or since. He gave the premieres of over 100 pieces, forming long-standing friendships and artistic partnerships with composers including Dmitri Shostakovich, Sergei Prokofiev, Henri Dutilleux, Witold Lutosławski, Olivier Messiaen, Luciano Berio, Krzysztof Penderecki, Alfred Schnittke, Norbert Moret, Andreas Makris and Benjamin Britten. Rostropovich was internationally recognized as a staunch advocate of human rights, and was awarded the 1974 Award of the International League of Human Rights. He was married to the soprano Galina Vishnevskaya and had two daughters, Olga and Elena Rostropovich. ==Early years== Rostropovich was born in Baku, Azerbaijan SSR, to parents who had moved from Orenburg. to a Polish-German-Lithuanian-Russian family. Mstislav's father, , was a cellist born in Voronezh to a composer of Polish noble descent and Matilda Rostropovich, née Pule. The Polish part of his family bore the Bogorya coat of arms, which was located at the family palace in Skotniki, Masovian Voivodeship. Mstislav's mother was a Russian pianist from Orenburg, Sofiya Nikolaevna Fedotova-Rostropovich. Mstislav Rostropovich grew up in Baku and spent his youth there. During World War II his family moved back to Orenburg and then in 1943 to Moscow. At the age of four, Rostropovich learned the piano with his mother, Sofiya Nikolaevna Fedotova, a talented pianist. He began the cello at the age of 10 with his father, who was a renowned cellist and former student of Pablo Casals. In 1943, at the age of 16, he entered the Moscow Conservatory, where he studied cello, piano, conducting and composition. His teachers included Dmitri Shostakovich. In 1945 he came to prominence as a cellist when he won the gold medal in the Soviet Union's first ever competition for young musicians.〔 He graduated from the Conservatory in 1948, and became professor of cello there in 1956. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mstislav Rostropovich」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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