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''Rudivirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order ''Ligamenvirales''; it is the only genus in the family ''Rudiviridae''. These viruses are non-enveloped, stiff-rod-shaped viruses with linear dsDNA genomes, that infect hyperthermophilic archaea of the kingdom Crenarchaeota.〔Zillig, W., Prangishvili, D., Schleper, C., Elferink, M., Holz, I., Albers, S., Janekovic, D. and Götz, D. (1996). Viruses, plasmids and other genetic elements of thermophilic and hyperthermophilic Archaea. FEMS Microbiol. Rev., 18, 225-236.〕〔Prangishvili, D., Stedman, K. and Zillig, W. (2001). Viruses of the extremely thermophilic archaeon ''Sulfolobus''. Trends Microbiol., 9, 39–43.〕 There are currently three species in this genus including the type species ''Sulfolobus islandicus rod-shaped virus 2''.〔〔 The family name derives from the Latin ''rudis'', thin rod, referring to the virion shape. ==Details== * Main species * * ''Sulfolobus islandicus'' rod-shaped virus 1, SIRV1; genome sequence accession no. AJ414696. * * ''Sulfolobus islandicus'' rod-shaped virus 2, SIRV2; genome sequence accession no. AJ344259. * Other species * * ''Acidianus'' rod-shaped virus 1, ARV1; genome sequence accession no. AJ875026. * * ''Stygiolobus'' rod-shaped virus, SRV, genome sequence accession no. FM164764. The two main species, viruses SIRV1 and SIRV2, were produced by colony-cloned ''Sulfolobus islandicus'' strains. The two strains were isolated from samples taken in 1994 from different solfataric fields in Iceland, the Kverkfjöll and Hveragerdi, which are separated by a distance of 250 km. These Icelandic solfataric acidic hot springs reach a temperature of 88 °C and pH 2.5. As for its stability in many hosts, SIRV2 is a better candidate for the type species than SIRV1.〔David Prangishvili, Hans Peter Arnold, Dorothee Götz, Ulrike Ziese, Ingelore Holz, Jakob K. Kristjansson and Wolfram Zillig (1999) A Novel Virus Family, the Rudiviridae: Structure, Virus-Host Interactions and Genome Variability of the ''Sulfolobus'' Viruses SIRV1 and SIRV2. Genetics 152:1387–1396.〕 ''Acidianus'' rod-shaped virus 1, ARV1, the first member of the family ''Rudiviridae'' infecting hyperthermophilic archaea of the genus Acidianus, was isolated from a hot spring in Pozzuoli, Italy in 2005.〔Vestergaard, G., Häring, M., Peng, X., Rachel, R., Garrett, R. A., and Prangishvili, D.(2005) A novel rudivirus, ARV1, of the hyperthermophilic archaeal genus ''Acidianus''. Virology 336, 83–92.〕 The ''Stygiolobus'' rod-shaped virus, SRV, which infects a hyperthermophilic ''Stygiolobus'' species, was isolated from a hot spring in the Azores, Portugal in 2008.〔Vestergaard, G., Shah, S. A., Bize, A., Reitberger, W., Reuter, M., Phan, H.,Briegel, A., Rachel, R., Garrett, R. A., and Prangishvili, D. (2008) ''Stygiolobus'' Rod-Shaped Virus and the Interplay of Crenarchaeal Rudiviruses with the CRISPR Antiviral System. J. Bacteriol.190, 6837–6845〕 Members of the Rudiviridae share structural and genomic characteristics with viruses from the Lipothrixviridae family, which contains enveloped flexible filamentous viruses. Viruses from the two families have linear dsDNA genomes and share up to nine genes. In addition, the filamentous particles of rudiviruses and lipothrixviruses are built from structurally similar, homologous major capsid proteins. Due to these shared properties viruses from the two families are classified into an order Ligamenvirales. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rudivirus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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