|
Ruhama (, "Mercy") is a kibbutz in the Negev desert in southern Israel. The original settlement established in 1911, is considered the first modern Jewish settlement in the Negev. Located around ten kilometres east of Sderot and surrounded by a nature reserve, it falls under the jurisdiction of the Sha'ar HaNegev Regional Council. In 2006 it had a population of 399. ==History== Ruhama was first established in 1911, on land purchased in the same year by the "Remnant of Israel" ((ヘブライ語:שארית ישראל)) company, set up by Russian Jews in Moscow, under the leadership of Simon Velikovsky, the father of Immanuel Velikovsky,〔 to invest money in Jewish agricultural settlements in the Land of Israel. The name derives from the Biblical book of Hosea, verse 1:6〔Place Names in Israel. A Compendium of Place Names in Israel compiled from various sources. Translated from Hebrew, Jerusalem 1962 (Israel Prime Minister’s Office. The Israeli Program for Scientific Translations) p.167 (Location of the book: Ben Zvi Institute Library, 12 Abarbanel St., Jerusalem; in the online-catalogue: ()〕 and from the verse: " "And I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy" (Hos. 2:23)".〔Carta's Official Guide to Israel and Complete Gazetteer to all Sites in the Holy Land. (3rd edition 1993) Jerusalem, Carta, p.403 , ISBN 965-220-186-3 (English)〕 "An artesian well was dug in 1912, and a rather plentiful supply of water was found at a depth of fifty meters."〔Velikovsky, Immanuel (1946) (The Story of Ruhama ) New York Times, 19 September 1946〕 The group also included members of the socialist Zionist movement Hashomer Hatzair. However, the initial settlers were expelled by the Ottoman Empire in 1917; a dilapidated museum building is all that is left of that original settlement.〔 However, the artesian well prompted the Allied forces under General Allenby to select Ruhama as their headquarters from which base "the British Army and the Jewish-American Legion conquered Palestine".〔 HaShomer used the Ruhama farm as its main forward base along the Gaza-Beersheva line. Two subsequent attempts to re-establish the settlement during the period of the British Mandate were curtailed by the Arab riots in 1929 and 1936. The kibbutz was eventually successfully re-established in 1944, and grew to a population of 399. The film ''Sweet Mud'' (2006) was filmed in Ruhama and Nir Eliyahu.〔(Sweet Mud sheds new light on old kibbutz life ) Ynetnews〕 In 2006, a group of the older, diehard communist ideologues blocked an attempt by the younger, more liberal members of Ruhama to establish a synagogue.〔('No shuls, please, we're atheists. Kibbutz Ruhama founders torpedo synagogue plan' ) The Jerusalem Post, 3 November 2006〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ruhama」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|