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Alfred Rupert Sheldrake is an English author,〔 public speaker,〔 and researcher in the field of parapsychology,〔 known for his "morphic resonance" concept. He worked as a biochemist and cell biologist at Cambridge University from 1967 to 1973〔 and as principal plant physiologist at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics until 1978.〔 Sheldrake's morphic resonance posits that "memory is inherent in nature"〔〔 and that "natural systems, such as termite colonies, or pigeons, or orchid plants, or insulin molecules, inherit a collective memory from all previous things of their kind".〔 Sheldrake proposes that it is also responsible for "telepathy-type interconnections between organisms".〔 His advocacy of the idea encompasses paranormal subjects such as precognition, telepathy and the psychic staring effect〔〔 as well as unconventional explanations of standard subjects in biology such as development, inheritance, and memory. Morphic resonance is not accepted by the scientific community as a real phenomenon and Sheldrake's proposals relating to it have been characterized as pseudoscience. Critics cite a lack of evidence for morphic resonance and an inconsistency between the idea and data from genetics and embryology. They also express concern that popular attention paid to Sheldrake's books and public appearances undermines the public's understanding of science. Despite the negative reception Sheldrake's ideas have received from the scientific community, they have found support in the New Age movement,〔 such as from Deepak Chopra.〔 ==Background== Sheldrake was born in Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire,〔 to Doris (née Tebbutt)〔Marriage record registered in September 1934, @ FreeBMD Images ref 1934M3-T-0308〕 and Reginald Alfred Sheldrake (1903–1970) on 28 June 1942.〔Marriage record registered in September 1934, @ FreeBMD Images ref 1934M3-S-0193〕 His father graduated from Nottingham University with a degree in pharmacy〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Reginald Sheldrake Upon his Graduation, Newark, c 1924 )〕 and was also an amateur naturalist and microscopist. Sheldrake credits his father with encouraging him to follow his interest in animals, plants〔 and gardens.〔Sheldrake, Rupert, (''Family Orchards'' ), ''The Ecologist'', 9 October 2013. Retrieved 1 November 2013.〕 Although Methodists, Sheldrake's parents sent him to Worksop College, a Church of England boarding school.〔 Sheldrake says, I went through the standard scientific atheist phase when I was about 14 ... I bought into that package deal of science equals atheism. I was the only boy at my high Anglican boarding school who refused to get confirmed. When I was a teenager, I was a bit like Dawkins is today, you know: 'If Adam and Eve were created by God, why do they have navels?' That kind of thing.〔 At Clare College, Cambridge, Sheldrake studied biology and biochemistry, and after a year at Harvard studying philosophy and history of science, he returned to Cambridge where he gained a PhD in biochemistry for his work in plant development and plant hormones.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rupert Sheldrake」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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