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The San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) is the city police department of the City and County of San Francisco, California. The department's motto is the same as that of the city and county: ''Oro en paz, fierro en guerra'', archaic Spanish for ''Gold in peace, iron in war''. The SFPD should not be confused with the San Francisco Sheriff's Department, which is another, county, law enforcement agency within San Francisco. The SFPD (along with the San Francisco Fire Department and the San Francisco Sheriff's Department) serves an estimated population of 1.2 million, including the daytime-commuter population, and the thousands of other tourists and visitors, in the second most densely populated large city in North America. It is the 11th largest police department in the United States.〔(USDOJ.gov )〕 ==History== (詳細はGold Rush under the command of Captain Malachi Fallon. At the time, Chief Fallon had a force of one deputy captain, three sergeants and thirty officers. In 1851, Albert Bernard de Russailh wrote about the nascent San Francisco police force: As for the police, I have only one thing to say. The police force is largely made up of ex-bandits, and naturally the members are interested above all in saving their old friends from punishment. Policemen here are quite as much to be feared as the robbers; if they know you have money, they will be the first to knock you on the head. You pay them well to watch over your house, and they set it on fire. In short, I think that all the people concerned with justice or the police are in league with the criminals. The city is in a hopeless chaos, and many years must pass before order can be established. In a country where so many races are mingled, a severe and inflexible justice is desirable, which would govern with an iron hand.〔(De Russailh, Albert Bernard) Crane, Clarkson. Last Adventure- San Francisco in 1851. Translated from the Original Journal of Albert Bernard de Russailh by Clarkson Crane. San Francisco. The Westgate Press. 1931〕 On October 28, 1853, the Board of Aldermen passed Ordinance No. 466, which provided for the reorganization of the police department. Sections one and two provided as follows: The People of the City of San Francisco do ordain as follows: In July 1856, the "Consolidation Act" went into effect. This act abolished the office of City Marshal and created in its stead the office of Chief of Police. The first Chief of Police elected in 1856 was James F. Curtis a former member of the San Francisco Committee of Vigilance. The SFPD is known for being one of the pioneering forces for modern law enforcement, beginning in the early 1900s. In early August 1975, the SFPD went on strike over a pay dispute, violating a California law prohibiting police from striking.〔(Comment, ''Emergency Mayoral Power: An Exercise in Charter Interpretation'', 65 Cal. L. Rev. 686. )〕 The city quickly obtained a court order declaring the strike illegal and enjoining the SFPD back to work. The court messenger delivering the order was met with violence and the SFPD continued to strike.〔(Comment, ''Emergency Mayoral Power: An Exercise in Charter Interpretation'', 65 Cal. L. Rev. 686. )〕 Only managers and African-American officers remained on duty, with 45 officers and 3 fire trucks responsible for a city population of 700,000.〔(Comment, ''Emergency Mayoral Power: An Exercise in Charter Interpretation'', 65 Cal. L. Rev. 686. ) citing S.F. Chronicle, Augu. 20, 1875, at 1, col. 2.〕 Supervisor Dianne Feinstein pleaded Mayor Joseph Alioto to ask Governor Jerry Brown to call out the National Guard to patrol the streets but Alioto refused. When enraged civilians confronted SFPD officers at the picket lines, the officers arrested them.〔(Comment, ''Emergency Mayoral Power: An Exercise in Charter Interpretation'', 65 Cal. L. Rev. 686. )〕 Heavy drinking on the picket line became common and after striking SFPD officers started shooting out streetlights, the ACLU obtained a court order prohibiting strikers from carrying their service revolvers. Again, the SFPD ignored the court order.〔(Comment, ''Emergency Mayoral Power: An Exercise in Charter Interpretation'', 65 Cal. L. Rev. 686. )〕 On August 20 a bomb detonated at the Mayor’s home with a sign reading “Don’t Threaten Us” left on his lawn. On August 21 Mayor Alioto advised the San Francisco Board of Supervisors that they should concede to the strikers' demands. The Supervisors unanimously refused. Mayor Alioto immediately then declared a state of emergency, assumed legislative powers, and granted the strikers’ demands.〔(''Verreos v. City and County of San Francisco'', 63 Cal. App. 3d 86, 133 Cal. Rptr. 649 (Ct. App. 1976). )〕 City Supervisors and taxpayers sued but the court found that a contract obtained through an illegal strike is still legally enforceable.〔(''Verreos v. City and County of San Francisco'', 63 Cal. App. 3d 86, 133 Cal. Rptr. 649 (Ct. App. 1976). )〕 In 1997, the San Francisco International Airport Police merged with SFPD, becoming the SFPD Airport Bureau.〔(SFGOV.org ). SFGOV.org. Retrieved September 7, 2011.〕 As of September 8, 2011, ground was broken for San Francisco's new Public Safety Building (PSB) down in Mission Bay. A replacement facility for the San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) Headquarters and Southern District Police Station currently located at 850 Bryant, the PSB will also contain a fire station to serve the burgeoning neighborhood. In 2014, the San Francisco Police academy graduated its first publicly reported transgender police officer, Mikayla Connell 〔http://www.ktvu.com/news/news/local/san-francisco-police-department-adds-first-transge/ng4DL/〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「San Francisco Police Department」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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