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Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A1
Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A1 (PSP-A), also known as surfactant protein A1 (SFTPA1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SFTPA1'' gene.
== Summary ==
The protein encoded by this gene (SP-A1) is primarily synthesized in lung alveolar type II cells (see type II pneumocyte), as part of a complex of lipids and proteins known as pulmonary surfactant. The function of this complex is to reduce surface tension in the alveolus and prevent collapse during expiration. The protein component of surfactant helps in the modulation of the innate immune response, and inflammatory processes.
SP-A1 is a member of a subfamily of C-type lectins called collectins. Together with SP-A2 (see SFTPA2), they are the most abundant proteins of pulmonary surfactant. SP-A1 binds to the carbohydrates found in the surface of several microorganisms and helps in the defense against respiratory pathogens.
Surfactant homeostasis is critical for breathing (and thus survival) in the prematurely born infant, but also for maintaining lung health, and normal lung function throughout life. Quantitative and/or qualitative alterations in surfactant composition and/or function are associated with respiratory diseases.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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