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Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 also known as SMAD family member 3 or SMAD3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SMAD3'' gene.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4088 )〕 SMAD3 is a member of the SMAD family of proteins. It mediates the signals from the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily ligands that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and death. Based on its essential role in TGF beta signaling pathway, SMAD3 has been related with tumor growth in cancer development.
== Gene ==
The human ''SMAD3'' gene is located on chromosome 15 with location of the cytogenic band at 15q22.33 is composed of 9 exons over 129,339 base pairs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=SMAD3 Gene )〕 It is one of several human homologues of a gene that was originally discovered in the fruit fly ''Drosophila melanogaster''.
The expression of ''SMAD3'' has been related to the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK pathway), particularly to the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1 (MEK1). Studies have demonstrated that inhibition of MEK1 activity inhibits ''SMAD3'' expression in epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells, two cell types highly responsive to TGF-β1.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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