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|Section2= }} |Section3= |Section4= |Section7= |Section8= }} Thionyl chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula SOCl2. It is a moderately volatile colourless liquid with an unpleasant acrid odour. Thionyl chloride is primarily used as a chlorinating reagent, with approximately 45,000 tons per year being produced during the early 1990s.〔Hans-Dietrich Lauss, Wilfried Steffens “Sulfur Halides” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.〕 It is toxic and will react violently with water to produce toxic gases, it is also listed as a Schedule 3 compound as it may be used for the production of chemical weapons. Thionyl chloride is sometimes confused with sulfuryl chloride, SO2Cl2, but the properties of these compounds differ significantly. Sulfuryl chloride is a source of chlorine whereas thionyl chloride is a source of chloride ions. ==Production== The major industrial synthesis involves the reaction of sulfur trioxide and sulfur dichloride: :SO3 + SCl2 → SOCl2 + SO2 Other methods include syntheses from phosphorus pentachloride, chlorine and sulfur dichloride, or phosgene: :SO2 + PCl5 → SOCl2 + POCl3 :SO2 + Cl2 + SCl2 → 2 SOCl2 :SO3 + Cl2 + 2 SCl2 → 3 SOCl2 :SO2 + COCl2 → SOCl2 + CO2 The first of the above four reactions also affords phosphorus oxychloride (phosphoryl chloride), which resembles thionyl chloride in many of its reactions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thionyl chloride」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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