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SS-Junker or Standartenjunker was a paramilitary Nazi rank that was used by the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) between the years of 1933 and 1945. The rank was a special position held by those aspiring for officer commissions in the armed wing of the SS, first known as the ''SS-Verfügungstruppe'' and later as the ''Waffen-SS''. The SS rank of ''Junker'' was an appointed position with an SS member required to enlist in the SS for at least six months to a year before consideration could be given for officer training. ''SS-Junker'' was also strictly a rank of the ''Verfügungstruppe'' and ''Waffen-SS'' and was not used by the ''Allgemeine-SS'' ("General" SS). Typically, a ''Waffen-SS'' member reaching the rank of ''Rottenführer'' could choose either to embark on the career path of an SS non-commissioned officer or could apply to join the officer corps of the ''Waffen-SS''. If choosing the latter, an SS member was required to obtain a written recommendation from their commander and undergo a racial and political screening process to determine eligibility for commission as an SS officer. If accepted into the SS officer program, an SS member would be assigned to one of several ''Junkerschulen'' and would be appointed to the rank of ''SS-Junker'' upon arrival. Situations did exist, however, where SS members would hold their previous enlisted rank while at the ''Junkerschule'' and only be appointed to the rank of ''SS-Junker'' after a probationary period had passed. This officer candidate system was to ensure that future SS officers had prior enlisted experience and that there were no “direct appointments” in the ''Waffen-SS'' officer corps as was often the case in other SS branches such as the ''Gestapo'' and ''Sicherheitsdienst'' (SD). Ample evidence exists, however, that certain SS members with “connections” could obtain an appointment as an ''SS-Junker'' without ever having served in the enlisted ranks or with only a few weeks of basic enlisted training before transferring to a ''Junkerschule''. ==Levels== The rank of ''SS-Junker'' was divided into four levels, those being ''Junker'', ''Oberjunker'', ''Standartenjunker'', and ''Standartenoberjunker''. The insignia for these ranks was identical to the ranks of the SS non-commissioned officer corps and promotion between the ''Junker'' ranks was dependent upon passing a variety of written, physical, and field exercise examinations while a student at the ''Junkerschule''. Upon reaching the rank of ''SS-Standartenoberjunker'', the SS officer candidate would be permitted to display the silver chin strap of an SS officer and would be assigned to a field SS unit for final evaluation and field examination. Upon passing this final exam, the ''Standartenoberjunker'' would be promoted to the rank of ''SS-Untersturmführer'' usually in an elaborate ceremony. The entire process for an ''SS-Junker'' to become an SS officer usually took between 18 to 24 months to complete. The SS had planned, once World War II had ended, to establish SS academies which would be four-year institutions much like the present day United States service academies. As World War II progressed, however, the manpower needs of the ''Waffen-SS'' grew to such a level that SS officer candidates would undergo no more than 6 months training by 1945 and, in some cases, were directly commissioned in the field without ever having attended a ''Junkerschule''. ''Junker'' as a military rank ceased to exist in the German armed forces in 1945 with the downfall of Nazi Germany. The rank of ''Fahnenjunker'' is used in the ''Bundeswehr'' for officer candidates in the army and navy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Junker (SS rank)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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