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RK-55
The Novator RK-55 ''Granat'' ((ロシア語:РК-55 Гранат) 'Garnet'; NATO:SSC-X-4 'Slingshot'; GRAU:3K10) was a Soviet land-based cruise missile with a nuclear warhead. It was about to enter service in 1987 when such weapons were banned under the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. A version launched from submarine torpedo tubes, the S-10 ''Granat'' (SS-N-21 'Sampson';GRAU:3M10), has apparently been converted to carry conventional warheads and continues in service to this day.
The RK-55 is very similar to the air-launched Kh-55 (AS-15 'Kent') but the Kh-55 has a drop-down turbofan engine〔 〕 and was designed by MKB Raduga. Both have formed the basis of post-Cold-War missiles, in particular the 3M-54 Klub (SS-N-27 'Sizzler') which has a supersonic approach phase.〔 〕
==Development==
In the late 1960s, the "Ekho" study conducted by the GosNIIAS institute concluded that it would be more effective to deploy lots of small, subsonic cruise missiles than the much more expensive supersonic missiles then in favour.〔 〕 In 1971 Raduga began working on the air-launched Kh-55, which first flew in 1976.〔 That same year, RK-55 first flew.〔 NPO Novator would work on the submarine- and ground-launched versions. In 1993 Novator exhibited the 3M14/3M54 Klub (SS-N-27 'Sizzler'), which appears to be based on the RK-55.〔 It is a two-stage design, which goes supersonic during its final approach to the target.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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