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Sabbatical
Sabbatical or a sabbatical (from Latin: ''sabbaticus'', from Greek: ''sabbatikos'' (σαββατικός), from Hebrew: ''shabbat'' (''שבת'') (i.e., Sabbath), literally a "ceasing") is a rest from work, or a break, often lasting from two months to a year. The concept of sabbatical has a source in ''shmita'', described in several places in the Bible. For example, in , there is a commandment to desist from working the fields during the seventh year. Strictly Speaking, this means a sabbatical would last one year.
==History==
The main Bible passage for sabbatical concepts is , in which God rested (literally, "ceased" from his labour) after creating the universe, and it is applied to people (Jew and Gentile, slave and free) and even to beasts of burden in one of the Ten Commandments (, reaffirmed in ). All agriculture was stopped during these periods, so even the land itself was given a Sabbath.
In recent times, "sabbatical" has come to mean any extended absence in the career of an individual in order to achieve something. In the modern sense, one takes sabbatical typically to fulfill some goal, e.g., writing a book or travelling extensively for research. Some universities and other institutional employers of scientists, physicians, and academics offer the opportunity to qualify for paid sabbatical as an employee benefit, called sabbatical leave. Some companies offer unpaid sabbatical for people wanting to take career breaks; this is a growing trend in the United Kingdom, with 20% of companies having a career break policy, and a further 10% considering introducing one.〔Confederation of British Industry survey, 2005.〕
In British and Irish students' unions, particularly in higher education institutions, students can be elected to become ''sabbatical officers'' of their students' union, either taking a year out of their study (in the academic year following their election) or remaining at the institution for a year following completion of study. Sabbatical officers are usually provided with a living allowance or stipend.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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