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Sabratha
Sabratha, Sabratah or Siburata ((アラビア語:صبراتة)), in the Zawiya District〔(''شعبيات الجماهيرية العظمى''Sha'biyat of Great Jamahiriya ), accessed 20 July 2009, in Arabic〕 in the northwestern corner of modern Libya, was the westernmost of the "three cities" of Tripolis. From 2001 to 2007 it was the capital of the former Sabratha wa Sorman District. It lies on the Mediterranean coast about west of Tripoli. The extant archaeological site was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982.
== Ancient Sabratha ==
Sabratha's port was established, perhaps about 500 BC, as a Phoenician trading-post that served as a coastal outlet for the products of the African hinterland. The Phoenicians gave it the Lybico-Berber name 'Sbrt'n',〔(Septimus Severus ) page 2〕 which suggests that there may have been a native town built there prior to the Phoenicians' arrival. Sabratha became part of the short-lived Numidian Kingdom of Massinissa before being Romanized and rebuilt in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD. The Emperor Septimius Severus was born nearby in Leptis Magna, and Sabratha reached its monumental peak during the rule of the Severans. The city was badly damaged by earthquakes during the 4th century, particularly the quake of AD 365. It was rebuilt on a more modest scale by Byzantine governors. Within a hundred years of the Arab conquest of the Maghreb, trade had shifted to other ports and Sabratha dwindled to a village.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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