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The ''Sachsenspiegel'' (literally “Saxon Mirror”, roughly “Survey of Saxon Law”; Middle Low German ''Sassen Speyghel'', Low German ''Sassenspegel'') is the most important law book and custumal of the German Middle Ages. Written ca. 1220 as a record of existing customary law, it was used in parts of Germany until as late as 1900, and is important not only for its lasting effect on German law, but also as an early example of written prose in a German language, being the first lengthy legal document to have been written in a continental Germanic language, instead of Latin. A Latin edition is known to have existed, but only fragmented chapters remain. ==History== The ''Sachsenspiegel'' was one of the first prose works written in the Middle Low German language. The original title is ''Sassen Speyghel'', ''Sachsenspiegel'' being a later German translation. It is believed to have been compiled and translated from Latin by the Saxon administrator Eike of Repgow at the behest of his liege lord Count Hoyer of Falkenstein in the years 1220 to 1235.〔Some sources give the period during which the ''Sachsenspiegel'' was written as 1220 to 1230, but 1220 to 1235 is given by others, such as sources at the Library of Congress (()), the European Court of Human Rights (()) and Tufts University (())〕 Where the original was compiled is unclear. It was thought to have been written at Burg Falkenstein, but Peter Landau, an expert in medieval canon law, recently suggested that it may have been written at the monastery of Altzelle (now Altzella).〔The suggestion that the ''Sachsenspiegel'' was written at Altzelle was made in a paper given by Professor Landau at the ''Deutscher Rechtshistorikertag'' 2004 and later published in an article (Landau, Peter: ''Die Entstehungsgeschichte des Sachsenspiegels: Eike von Repgow, Altzelle und die anglo-normannische Kanonistik''; ''Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters '' 2005, Vol 61, No. 1, pp 73-101), cited at the German Wikipedia article on ''Kloster Altzella'' and (http://www.rechtsbuchforschung.de ).〕 The ''Sachsenspiegel'' served as a model for law books in German (Middle High German) like the ''Augsburger Sachsenspiegel'', the ''Deutschenspiegel'', and the ''Schwabenspiegel''. Its influence extended into Eastern Europe, the Netherlands, and the Baltic States. In Prussia, the ''Sachsenspiegel'' was used until the introduction of the ''Allgemeines Landrecht für die preußischen Staaten'' in 1794. In Saxony it was used until the introduction of the Saxon Civil Code in 1865. In Anhalt and Thuringia the ''Sachsenspiegel'' was not replaced until the introduction of the German Civil Code in 1900. Its precedents continued to be cited as pertinent case law as recently as 1932 by the ''Reichsgericht'' (Supreme Court of the Reich) (RGZ 137, 373). The influence of the ''Sachsenspiegel'', or at least parallels with it, can still be found in modern German law, for instance in inheritance law and the law of neighborly relations (''Nachbarrecht''; e.g., nuisance, party walls, etc.). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sachsenspiegel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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