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According to Arabic sources, Aṣḥama ibn Abjar was Emperor or al-Najashi (Arabic: النجاشي ''al-Najāshī'') of Aksum at the time of Muhammad, and gave refuge to several Muslims in the Kingdom of Aksum. The term "al-Najashi" has the variant ''al-Negashi''; it corresponds to the ancient Aksumite title Negus, with the variant Negash. The name "Ashama" seems to correspond to the original Ge'ez name ''Ella-Seham'', variant ''Sahama''. This is an Aksumite king known from coinage.〔See the article on Ellä Säham by Gianfranco Fiaccadori in the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, vol. 2, Wiesbaden 2005〕 According to other authors, Ashama may have been the same person as king Armah, or his father or son.〔Sergew Hable Sellassie. ''Ancient and Medieval Ethiopian History to 1270'' (Addis Ababa: United Printers, 1972), p. 185.〕 Taddesse Tamrat records that the inhabitants of Wiqro, where he is known as ''Ashamat al-Negashi'' claim his tomb is located in their village.〔Taddesse Tamrat, ''Church and State in Ethiopia (1270 - 1527)'' (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972), p. 34.〕 ==Islamic tradition== (詳細はMecca, a number of Muslims emigrated to Axum. In response, the Arab leaders sent Amr ibn al-Aas to bring them back. Amr was a friend of Sahama, and at the same time also had good relations with Abu Sufyan, the then leader of Quraish. Sahama did not act in a hurry but showed patience and demanded the holy scripture of Muslims to be read. At this, Ja`far ibn Abi Talib recited some verses from the Quran from the chapter of Maryam (''Mary''). According to Ibn Hisham, al-Najashi and the Ethiopian Orthodox priests in his court were greatly affected by the touching verses that they began to shed tears. And so, Sahama firmly denied Amr's request to be handed the Muslim refugees. The very next day, Amr tried to play a trick, in order to sow dissension between Sahama and the Muslim refugees. Amr was greatly distressed, and promised Ja`far and other Muslims that he would cause a great schism between them and King Sahama. Amr arrived the next day at the court of Sahama, and demanded in his presence that the Muslims make known their creed about Jesus. This was a difficult situation because Jesus is not considered as the son of God in the Qur'an, which was expected to greatly enrage a devout Christian like Emperor Sahama. To this, he explained that Jesus is considered in Islam to be a messenger of God, the word of God, and the miraculously born son of the Virgin Mary. In reply to this statement, King Sahama made a line on the sand with his mace and said, "By God, Jesus is not more than what you have described him. By God, I will never give you up to anyone." He then declared that Muslims could live in Axum for as long as they wished for. According to Muslim tradition, it is during this situation that King Sahama converted to Islam. Some accounts state that Ashama read the Nikah at one of Muhammad's marriages.〔"The history of Islam", by Nomani.〕 The Sahabī Abu Huraira narrates that Muhammad announced the death of Sahama on the same day that he died, and even before any news became known about it for anyone in the city. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ashama ibn-Abjar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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