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The Salafi movement or Salafist movement is an ultra-conservative heteorodox movement within Sunni Islam that references the doctrine known as Salafism. The doctrine can be summed up as taking "a fundamentalist approach to Islam, emulating the Prophet Muhammad and his earliest followers—al-salaf al-salih, the 'pious forefathers'...They reject religious innovation, or bida, and support the implementation of sharia (Islamic law)."〔 The movement is often divided into three categories: the largest group are the purists (or quietists), who avoid politics; the second largest group are the activists, who get involved in politics; the smallest group are the jihadists, who form a tiny (yet infamous) minority. The Salafi movement is often described as being synonymous with Wahhabism, but Salafists consider the term "Wahhabi" derogatory.〔For example, the ''Ahl-i Hadith'' which "have been active since the nineteenth century on the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan ... though designated as Wahhabis by their adversaries ... prefer to call themselves 'Salafis.'" (from ''The Failure of Political Islam'', by Olivier Roy, translated by Carol Volk, Harvard University Press, 1994, pp. 118–9)〕 At other times, Salafism has been described as a hybrid of Wahhabism and other post-1960s movements.〔Stephane Lacroix, (Al-Albani's Revolutionary Approach to Hadith ). Leiden University's ISIM Review, Spring 2008, #21.〕 Salafism has become associated with literalist, strict and puritanical approaches to Islam andparticularly in the Westwith the Salafi jihadists, who espouse offensive jihad as a legitimate expression of Islam against those they deem to be enemies of Islam.〔Dr Abdul-Haqq Baker, ''Extremists in Our Midst: Confronting Terror,'' Palgrave Macmillan, 2011, 〕 In legal matters, Salafis are divided between those who, in the name of independent legal judgement (''ijtihad''), reject strict adherence (''taqlid'') to the four schools of law (''madhahib'') and others who remain faithful to these. == Etymology == Salafism takes its name from the Arabic term ''salaf'' ("predecessors", "ancestors") used to identify the earliest Muslims, who, its adherents believe, provide the epitome of Islamic practice.〔''Ghazali And The Poetics Of Imagination'', by Ebrahim Moosa ISBN 0-8078-5612-6 – Page 21〕〔(salafiyya ) About Atheism/Agnosticism〕 A hadith that quotes Muhammad saying "The people of my own generation are the best, then those who come after them, and then those of the next generation," is seen as a call to Muslims to follow the example of those first three generations, known collectively as the ''salaf'' or "pious Predecessors" ( ''as-Salaf as-Ṣāliḥ''). They include Muhammad himself,〔http://www.theatlantic.com/features/archive/2015/02/what-isis-really-wants/384980/〕 the "Companions" (''Sahabah''), the "Followers" (''Tabi‘un'') and the "Followers of the Followers" (''Tabi‘ al-Tabi‘in''). There are a number of records of the hadith that is narrated in the ''Sahih al-Bukhari'' of `Abd Allah ibn `Umar (a companion of Muhammad) These have been revered in Islamic orthodoxy and by Sunni theologians since the fifth Muslim generation or earlier used their example to understand the texts and tenets of Islam, sometimes to differentiate the creed of the first Muslims from subsequent variations in creed and methodology (''see Madhab''), to oppose religious innovation (''bid‘ah'') and, conversely, to defend particular views and practices.〔"The way of the Sufis is the way of the Salaf, the Scholars among the Sahaba, Tabi’in and Tabi’ at-Tabi’in. Its origin is to worship Allah and to leave the ornaments of this world and its pleasures." (Ibn Khaldun (733–808 H/1332-1406 CE) ''Muqaddimat ibn Khaldan'', p. 328, quoted in; (PAHARY SHEIK MOHAMMAD YASSER, ''SUFISM: ORIGIN, DEVELOPMENT AND EMERGENCE OF SUFI ORDERS'' ), retrieved March 2012.〕〔(Aydin ''Der Unterschied zwischen salafīya und as salaf as s ā lih'' ), Wien 2009, retrieved March 2012.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Salafi movement」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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