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Salmacisia
''Salmacisia'' is a genus of fungi in the Tilletiaceae family. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species ''Salmacisia buchloëana'', first described as ''Tilletia buchloëana'' in 1889, and renamed in 2008.〔 Plants infected by the fungus undergo a phenomenon known as "parasitically induced hermaphroditism", whereby ovary development is induced in otherwise male plants.〔 Because of the pistil-inducing effects of the fungus, the authors have named the species pistil smut; it is the only species in the Tilletiales order known to have hermaphroditic effects.〔
==Taxonomy and history==
In 1889 American mycologist William Ashbrook Kellerman and his student Walter T. Swingle discovered a species of smut that was able to change the sex of its host; the host plant, in this case buffalograss (''Buchloë dactyloides''), produced ovaries in flowers of plants that were otherwise male. They named the fungus ''Tilletia buchloëana'', a generic placement they considered apt because of the characteristics of the fungal teliospores.〔 Both Kellerman and Swingle, and later Norton in 1896,〔 were unable to induce teliospores to germinate in vitro. Reinvestigation of the species in 2005 highlighted both the uniqueness of the species and the need for a taxonomic rearrangement, resulting in the description of the new genus ''Salmacisia''. The genus name is derived from Salmacis, who, according to Greek mythology, transformed the boy Hermaphroditus into an individual with both male and female sexual characteristics.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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