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Samudragupta
Samudragupta, ruler of the Gupta Empire (c. 335 – c. 375 CE), and successor to Chandragupta I, is considered to be one of the greatest military geniuses in Indian history. He was the third ruler of the Gupta Dynasty, who ushered in the Golden Age of India. He was perhaps the greatest king of Gupta dynasty. He was a benevolent ruler, a great warrior and a patron of arts. His name appears in the Javanese text `Tantrikamandaka'.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Samudragupta )〕 His name is taken to be a title acquired by his conquests (''samudra'' referring to the 'oceans'). Samudragupta the Great is believed to have been his father's chosen successor even though he had several elder brothers. Therefore, some believe that after the death of Chandragupta I, there was a struggle for succession in which Samudragupta prevailed. It is said that Samudragupta became the ruler after subduing his rival Kacha, an obscure prince of the dynasty. He ranks with Ashoka, though in fundamentals both differed radically from each other. 'While Ashoka' says R.K. Mukerjee,'stands for peace and non-violence, Samudragupta for the opposite principle of war and aggression. The one had contempt for conquests, the other had a passion for them'.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Complete biography of Samudragupta – the greatest ruler of India )〕
==Early life==
Chandragupta I, a Magadha king, and was the third ruler of Gupta Dynasty married a Lichhavi princess, Kumardevi which enabled him to gain a hold over the Ganges river-basin, the main source of North Indian commerce. He ruled for about ten years in north-central India with his son as an apprentice in the capital of Pataliputra, near the modern day Patna in Bihar state of India.
After his death, his son Samudragupta started to rule the kingdom and did not rest until he conquered almost the whole of India. His reigning period may be described as a vast military campaign. To begin with he attacked the neighbouring kingdoms of Ahichchhatra (Rohilkhand) and Padmavati (in Central India). He conquered the whole of Bengal, some Kingdoms in Nepal and he made Assam pay him tribute. He absorbed some tribal states like the Malvas, the Yaudheyas, the Arjunayanas, the Abhiras and the Maduras. The rulers of what is now Afghanistan and Kashmir were also added to the empire.〔The Gupta Polity, pp.199〕
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