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}} ''Sandinista!'' is the fourth studio album by the English band the Clash. It was released on 12 December 1980 as a triple album containing 36 tracks, with 6 songs on each side. Anticipating the "world music" trend of the 1980s, it features funk, reggae, jazz, gospel, rockabilly, folk, dub, rhythm and blues, calypso, and rap.〔〔〔 Related news articles: * * *〕 For the first time, the band's traditional songwriting credits of Strummer and Jones were replaced by a generic credit to the Clash,〔 and the band cut the album royalties, in order to release the 3-LP at a low price.〔 Related news articles: *(【引用サイトリンク】 title = MTV Rockumentary Part 2 )〕〔 〕 The title refers to the Sandinistas in Nicaragua, and its catalogue number, 'FSLN1', refers to the abbreviation of the party's Spanish name, Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional.〔〔〔Jaffee, Larry. "The Politics of Rock". ''Popular Music and Society'', Winter 1987, pp. 19–30.〕 ''Sandinista!'' was voted best album of the year in the Pazz & Jop critics poll in ''The Village Voice'', and was ranked number 404 on the ''Rolling Stone'' list of "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time" in 2003.〔 ''Slant Magazine'' listed the album at number 85 on its "Best Albums of the 1980s" list in 2012.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Best Albums of the 1980s )〕 ==Background and recording== The album was recorded over most of 1980, in London, Manchester, Jamaica and New York. It was produced by the band (which essentially meant Mick Jones and Joe Strummer), recorded and mixed by Bill Price, and engineered by Jeremy "Jerry" Green (Wessex Sound Studios), J. P. Nicholson (Electric Lady Studios), Lancelot "Maxie" McKenzie (Channel One Studios), and Bill Price (Pluto + Power Station Studios). Dub versions of some of the songs and toasting was done by Mikey Dread, who had first worked with the band for their 1980 single "Bankrobber". With ''Sandinista!'' the band reached beyond punk and reggae into dub, rhythm and blues, calypso, gospel and other genres.〔 The album clearly displays the influence of reggae and producer Lee "Scratch" Perry (who had worked with the band on their 1977 single "Complete Control" and who had opened some of the band's shows during its stand at Bond's in New York in 1980), with a dense, echo-filled sound on even the straight rock songs.〔〔 When recording began in New York bass guitarist Paul Simonon was busy making a film called ''Ladies and Gentlemen, The Fabulous Stains'', and he was replaced briefly by Ian Dury and the Blockheads bassist Norman Watt-Roy; this later caused some bad feeling when Watt-Roy and keyboard player Mickey Gallagher, a fellow Blockhead, claimed they were responsible for co-composing the song "The Magnificent Seven", as the song was based on a tune of theirs. Dread, too, was upset that he was not credited as the album's producer, although he was credited with "Version Mix". Other guests on the album include singer Ellen Foley (Jones' partner at the time), guitarist Ivan Julian formerly of the Voidoids, former Eddie and the Hot Rods member Lew Lewis, and Strummer's old friend and musical collaborator Tymon Dogg, who plays violin, sings on and wrote the track "Lose This Skin"; he later joined Strummer's band the Mescaleros. Gallagher's children also made appearances: his two sons, Luke and Ben, singing a version of "Career Opportunities" from the band's first album, and his daughter Maria singing a snippet of "The Guns of Brixton", from ''London Calling'', at the end of the track "Broadway".〔〔 This is also the only Clash album on which all four members have a lead vocal. Drummer Topper Headon made a unique lead vocal contribution on the disco song "Ivan Meets G.I. Joe", and bassist Paul Simonon sings lead on "The Crooked Beat".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sandinista!」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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