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Haneullim ("Lord of Heaven"), also spelled Hanalnim, Hananim, Hanunim, Hwanin (in the Dangun myth), also called Sangje, Sangjenim ("Highest Emperor") or simply Haneul ("Heaven") or Cheon ("Heaven", in Sino-Korean), or Cheonsin ("God of Heaven"),〔All names listed: Sung-wook Hong, 2009. p. 39〕 is the concept of God in Korean Sinism—the Korean native religion and shamanism〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 18〕—, and in other religions derived from it (for example Cheondoism and Jeungsanism).〔Sung-wook Hong, 2009. p. 39〕 In some sects he is called Okhwangsangje ("Great Jade Emperor" or "Great Shining Emperor"). ''Haneullim'' etymologically means "source (in ) of all being (hwan )", indicating the fountain of the universe, the supreme being, the supreme mind.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 18〕 Scholars say that this belief is the heart of all religions in Korea, and it is deeply rooted in the mind of the Korean people.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 18〕 ==Dangun myth== In Korean myth, Dangun is the son of ''Hwanin'', the "Heavenly King" and initiator of the Korean nation,〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 13〕 as well as ancestor of all ''mudang''.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 17〕 The myth starts with prince ''Hwanung'' ("Heavenly Prince"), son of ''Hwanin''. The prince asked his father to grant him government over Korea.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 14〕 Hwanin accepted, and Hwanung was sent to Earth bearing three Heavenly Seals and accompanied by three thousand followers.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 14〕 The prince arrived under the holy tree of sandalwood on the holy mountain, where he founded his holy city.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 14〕 At the time of his reign, a bear and a tiger were living in a cave near the humans, praying earnestly that their wish might be granted.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 14〕 The bear patiently endured weariness and hunger, and after twenty-one days she was transformed into a beautiful woman, while the tiger ran away for it could not tolerate the effort.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 14〕 The woman was overjoyed, and visiting the sandalwood she prayed that she might become the mother of a child.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 14〕 Her wish was appreciated, so that she became the queen and gave birth to a prince who was given the royal name of ''Dangun'', the "Sandalwood King".〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 14〕 Dangun reigned as the first human king of Korea, giving the kingdom the name of Joseon, "Land of the Morning Calm".〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 14〕 Dangun was the first shaman, intermediary between the human plain and ''Haneullim'', to whom he worshipped and prayed on the behalf of his people.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 17〕 Also the importance of the worship of other ancestors and gods is a mean of communion with the fountain of the universe, ''Haneullim''.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 17〕 The name ''Dangun'' might be derived from the Ural-Altaic ''Tengri'';〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. pp. 17-18〕 in some provinces of Korea the shaman is still called nowadays ''Tangur Tangur-ari''.〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. p. 18〕 Later in the myth Dangun becomes the ''Sansin'', the "God of the Mountain" (of growth, prosperity).〔Jung Young Lee, 1981. pp. 16-18〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Haneullim」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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