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Sarmizegetusa Regia, also Sarmisegetusa, Sarmisegethusa, Sarmisegethuza, Ζαρμιζεγεθούσα (''Zarmizegethoúsa'') or Ζερμιζεγεθούση (''Zermizegethoúsē''), was the capital and the most important military, religious and political centre of the Dacians prior to the wars with the Roman Empire. Erected on top of a 1200 m high mountain, the fortress, comprising six citadels, was the core of a strategic defensive system in the Orăştie Mountains (in present-day Romania). Sarmizegetusa Regia should not be confused with Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa, the Roman capital of Dacia built by Roman Emperor Trajan some 40 km away, which was not the Dacian capital. Sarmizegetusa Ulpia was discovered earlier, was known already in the early 1900s, and was initially mistaken for the Dacian capital, a confusion which led to incorrect conclusions being made regarding the military history and organization of the Dacians.〔Schmitz (2005) 3〕 == Etymology == Several hypotheses have been advanced to explain the origin of the name ''Sarmizegetusa''. The most important of these ascribe the following possible meanings to the city's name: * ‘Citadel built of palisades on a mountain peak’ from ''zermi'' ( *gher-mi ‘mountain peak, top’, cf. *gher ‘stone; high’) and ''zeget'' ( *geg(H)t) * ‘City of the warm river’ from ''zarmi'' ‘warm’ (cognate with Sanskrit ''gharma'' ‘warm’) and ''zeget'' ‘flow’ (cognate with Sanskrit ''sarj-'' in ''sarjana-'' ‘flow’ and Bactrian ''harez-'' in ''harezâna'' ‘id.’), the city being named after the nearby river Sargetia * ‘Palace illuminating the world of life’ from ''zaryma'' ‘palace’ (cf. Sanskrit ''harmya'' ‘palace’), ''zegeth'' ‘world of life’ (cf. Sanskrit ''jagat''- ‘go’, and ''jigat''- ‘mobility; world of life’) and ''usa'' ‘illuminating, enlightening; burning’) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sarmizegetusa Regia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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