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''Saurauia'' Willd. is a genus of plants in the family Actinidiaceae. It comprises about 250 species distributed in the tropics and subtropics of Asia and South and Central America.〔He et al. "The cytology of ''Actinidia'', ''Saurauia'', and ''Clematoclethra''(Actinidiaceae)" ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' 2005, Vol. 147, p. 369-374〕 Genetic evidence and the cell biology of the group support monophyly of the genus.〔 Monophyly of the genus is also supported by micromorphological characters and by phylogenetic analysis, although the exact evolutionary relationships of Saurauia with the other two genera of the Actinidiaceae, ''Actinidia'' and ''Clematoclethra'', are not well understood.〔He et al. "Phylogenetic relationships of ''Actiinidia'' and related genera based on micromorphological characters of foliar trichomes" ''Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution'' Vol. 47: p.627-639, 2000.〕 The floral characteristics of ''Saurauia'' are similar to those in the other members of the Actinidiaceae. The main floral differences between ''Saurauia'' and the other members are that the species of ''Saurauia'' have 3-5 carpels while ''Actinidia'' has 3-30 or more and ''Clematoclethra'' has 4 or 5.〔Keller et al. "Fossil Flowers and Fruits of the Actinidiaceae from the Campanian (Late Cretaceous) of Georgia" ''American Journal of Botany'' Vol. 83, No. 4. (1996) pp. 528-541〕 Also, ''Saurauia'' is the only genus in the Actinidiaceae whose members may be monoecious or functionally dioecious.〔 It is also the only extant genus within the family whose natural distribution includes areas outside of Asia (tropical South and Central America).〔 ==Species== Species include: * ''Saurauia adenodonta'', Sleumer * ''Saurauia aequatoriensis'', Sprague * ''Saurauia aguaricana'', Soejarto * ''Saurauia alvaroi'' R.E. Schult. (synonym of ''Saurauia aromatica'' R.E. Schult.) * ''Saurauia angustifolia'' Turcz. * ''Saurauia anisopoda'' Turcz. (synonym of ''Saurauia angustifolia'' Turcz.) * ''Saurauia anolaimensis'' R.E. Schult. & García-Barr. (synonym of ''Saurauia isoxanthotricha'' Buscal.) * ''Saurauia arnoldii'' Sleumer * ''Saurauia aromatica'' R.E. Schult. * ''Saurauia aspera'' Turcz. * ''Saurauia bogoriensis'' R.D. Hoogland * ''Saurauia bracteosa'', DC. * ''Saurauia cauliflora'', DC. * ''Saurauia crassisepala'', Soejarto * ''Saurauia erythrocarpa'', C.F.Liang & Y.S.Wang * ''Saurauia harlingii'', Soejarto * ''Saurauia herthae'', Sleumer * ''Saurauia isoxanthotricha'' Buscal. * ''Saurauia lanceolata'', Ruiz & Pav. * ''Saurauia latipetala'', Hemsley * ''Saurauia laxiflora'', Soejarto * ''Saurauia lehmannii'', Hieron. * ''Saurauia leucocarpa'', Schlecht. * ''Saurauia madrensis'' B.T. Keller & Breedlove * ''Saurauia magnifica'', Soejarto * ''Saurauia mahmudii'', R.D. Hoogland * ''Saurauia malayana'', Hoogl. * ''Saurauia mexiae'', Killip ex Soejarto * ''Saurauia microphylla'', Linden ex Lindl. & Paxton * ''Saurauia montana'', Seem. * ''Saurauia napalensis * ''Saurauia oreophila'', Hemsley * ''Saurauia pentapetala'', (Jack) R.D.Hoogland * ''Saurauia pseudostrigillosa'', Buscal. * ''Saurauia punduana'', Wall. * ''Saurauia pustulata'', G. Hunter * ''Saurauia rubens'', Ridl. * ''Saurauia rubrisepala'', Soejarto * ''Saurauia scabrida'', Hemsley * ''Saurauia schultzeorum'', Sleumer * ''Saurauia seibertii'', Standley * ''Saurauia serrata'', DC. * ''Saurauia striata'', Soejarto * ''Saurauia tambensis'', Killip * ''Saurauia tristyla'', DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagnep. * ''Saurauia villosa'', DC. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Saurauia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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