|
The term ''sauwastika'' (or ''sauvastika'') is sometimes used to distinguish the left-facing from the right-facing swastika symbol, a meaning which developed in 19th century scholarship.〔In use from the 1850s, certainly so used by D'Alviella (1894) "sauvastika" is used to classify the geometrical form of symbols in Liungman, Carl G., ''Symbols: Encyclopedia of Western Signs and Ideograms'', HME Publishing (2004) ISBN 91-972705-0-4〕 The ''left-facing'' variant is favoured in Bön and Gurung Dharma; it is called ''yungdrung'' in Bon and ''Gurung Yantra'' in Gurung Dharma. Both the right-facing and left-facing variants are employed in Hinduism and Buddhism; however, the ''left-facing'' is more commonly used in Buddhism than Hinduism and the ''right-facing'' is more commonly used in Hinduism than Buddhism. In Buddhism the left-facing sauwastika imprinted on the chest, feet, palms of Buddha and also the first of the 65 auspicious symbols on the footprint of the Buddha. In Hinduism the left-facing sauwastika is associated with esoteric tantric practices and often stands for Goddess Kali. ==Etymology== Sanskrit ''sauvastika'' is the vṛddhi of ''svastika'', attested as an adjective meaning "benedictive, salutatory".〔according to Wilson (1819), cited by Monier-Williams.〕 The connection to a "reversed" ''svastika'' is probably first made by Eugène Burnouf in 1852, and taken up by Schliemann in ''Ilios'' (1880), based on a letter from Max Müller, who is in turn quoting Burnouf. The term ''sauwastika'' is used in the sense of "backwards swastika" by D'Alviella (1894): The term has been misspelled as ''suavastika'', a term attributed to Max Müller by Wilson (1896). Wilson finds that "The 'suavastika' which Max Müller names and believes was applied to the swastika sign, with the ends bent to the left () seems not to be reported with that meaning by any other author except Burnouf."〔On Oriental Carpets. Article III.—The Svastika, The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs (1903) also uses the term with reference to Müller.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sauwastika」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|