|
Savoring is the use of thoughts and actions to increase the intensity, duration, and appreciation of positive experiences and emotions. It is a topic commonly studied in the domain of positive psychology. It can also be referred to simply as the up-regulation of positive emotions. Traditional psychology attempts to develop methods of coping and dealing with negative emotions. Positive psychology uses the concept of savoring as a way to maximize the potential benefits that positive experiences and emotions can have on peoples' lives. The opposite of Savoring is known as dampening. Dampening is a method of dealing with positive affect by trying to feel worse, or down-regulate positive emotions. Fred Bryant, a social psychologist at Loyola University Chicago, is considered to be the father of savoring research.〔http://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/10_steps_to_savoring_the_good_things_in_life〕 He introduced the concept of savoring as being mindfully engaged and aware of one's feelings during positive events. By being engaged one can increase happiness in both the short and long run. So savoring is not merely the experience of positive emotions, but the deliberate effort to make a positive experience last. == Major Theories == Psychological theories on savoring describe various facets of the construct such as its manifestation, operationalization, strategies to facilitate its occurrence, and its association with well-being. Work done by Fred Bryant in 2005 discusses savoring as manifesting in the following three forms: # Anticipation- or savoring in the form of the enjoyment of a forthcoming positive event # Being in the moment- savoring by lengthening and strengthening the present positive experience. Bryant, Smart & King (2005) suggest that such focus creates stronger, more intense memories to later be recalled in reminiscing # Reminiscing-Recalling memories in order to re-experience and thus savor positive emotions〔Bryant, F. B., Smart, C. M., & King, S. P. (2005). Using The Past To Enhance The Present: Boosting Happiness Through Positive Reminiscence. Journal of Happiness Studies, 6(3), 227-260.〕 Quoidbach, Berry, Hansenne & Mikolajczak (2010) have also worked on savoring theory and offer four general strategies for facilitating savoring: # Behavioral display- Using non-verbal cues to express one's positive emotions # Be Present- Having intentional, attentive focus on the current positive moment; also closely related to mindfulness. # Capitalizing- A social aspect in which an individual "communicates and celebrates with others" # Positive Mental Time Travel (past or future-focused)- reminiscing on or anticipating positive events〔Quoidbach, J., Berry, E. V., Hansenne, M., & Mikolajczak, M. (2010). Positive Emotion Regulation And Well-being: Comparing The Impact Of Eight Savoring And Dampening Strategies. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(5), 368-373.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Savoring」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|