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Saxifraga
''Saxifraga'' is the largest genus in the family Saxifragaceae, containing about 440 species of holarctic perennial plants, known as saxifrages or rockfoils.〔Roger Spencer, ed. ''Horticultural Flora of South-Eastern Australia''. UNSW Press, 2002. p. 81. ISBN 9780868401676〕 The Latin word ''saxifraga'' means literally "stone-breaker", from Latin ''ラテン語:saxum'' ("rock" or "stone") + ''ラテン語:frangere'' ("to break"). It is usually thought to indicate a medicinal use for treatment of urinary calculi (known as kidney stones), rather than breaking rocks apart.〔
The genera ''Saxifragopsis'' (strawberry saxifrage), and ''Saxifragella'' are sometimes included in ''Saxifraga''.〔 In recent DNA based phylogenetic analyses of the Saxifragaceae, the former sections Micranthes and Merkianae are shown to be more closely related to the ''Boykinia'' and ''Heuchera'' clades, and the most recent floras separate these groups as the genus ''Micranthes''.〔(Flora of China )〕〔(Flora of North America )〕
==Description==
Most saxifrages are smallish plants whose leaves grow close to the ground, often in a rosette. The leaves typically have a more or less incised margin; they may be succulent, needle-like and/or hairy, reducing evaporation.〔
The inflorescence or single flower clusters rise above the main plant body on naked stalks. The small actinomorphic hermaphrodite flowers have five petals and sepals and are usually white, but red to yellow in some species. As in other primitive eudicots, some of the 5 or 10 stamens may appear petal-like.
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