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Scelidotherium
''Scelidotherium'' is an extinct genus of ground sloth of the family Mylodontidae, endemic to South America during the middle Pleistocene epoch. It lived from 780,000—11,000 years ago, existing for approximately .〔(PaleoBiology Database: 'Scelidotherium'', basic info )〕
It is characterized by an elongated, superficially anteater-like head. In fossil distribution, it is known almost exclusively from Argentina, but its distribution may have extended into Paraguay and Uruguay.
In his journal of ''The Voyage of the Beagle'', Charles Darwin reports the finding of a nearly perfect fossil ''Scelidotherium'' in Punta Alta while travelling overland from Bahía Blanca to Buenos Aires in 1832. He allied it to the ''Megatherium''. Owen (1840) recognized the true characters of the remains and named them ''Scelidotherium'', which means "femur beast" to reflect the distinctive proportions of that skeletal element. They were tall and might have weighed up to .〔Bargo, MS, SF Vizcaíno, FM Archuby, and RE Blanco. 2000. Limb bone proportions, strength and digging in some Lujanian (Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene) Mylodontid ground sloths (Mammalia, Xenarthra). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 20(3):601-610〕
==Taxonomy==
''Scelidotherium'' was named by Owen (1839). It was assigned to ''Mylodontidae'' by Carroll (1988); and to ''Scelidotheriinae'' by Gaudin (1995) and Zurita et al. (2004).〔R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York 1-698〕
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