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Scheitholt
The scheitholt or scheitholz is a traditional German stringed instrument and an ancestor of the modern zither. It falls into the category of drone zithers.
==History==
The scheitholt may have derived from an ancient Greek instrument for theoretical education in music and physics, the so-called monochord (an oblong wooden box with only one string). Scheitholt originally referred to firewood cut into logs (Scheit = ''piece, chip''; Holz or Low German Holt = ''wood''). Since the 16th century, the instrument was called by that name, presumably because it had a similar shape or size. The best known description of this instrument is by Michael Praetorius in 1619. A number of regional names for the instrument exist. In northern Germany the instrument is often called ''hummel'', meaning "bumble bee" (a reference to the humming sound of the drone strings—the same word was also used for the bagpipe). Other names include the Dutch ''noordse balk'', French ''bûche'' or ''bûche de Meuse'', Flemish ''vlier'' and Swiss German ''Hexenscheit''.
In the Bavarian/Austrian region, the scheitholt can be traced back to the 14th century. Similar instruments are found in other parts of Northern Europe; in America, the scheitholt was probably brought to Pennsylvania by German settlers and spread into the Appalachian mountain region, where it later evolved into the Appalachian dulcimer in the late 18th century. The Appalachian dulcimer (or mountain dulcimer, or lap dulcimer), is a scheitholt fingerboard mounted on a larger sound box.〔Ralph Lee Smith, as cited by Jerry Wright, North Harrison County Dulcimer Society, Houston, Texas and Davy Crockett Dulcimer Society, Crockett, Texas〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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