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A schulklopfer is the person who calls a Jewish community to prayer in the local synagogue. In modern times, the custom has more or less died out, but it was historically common. The ''schulklopfer'' was usually a beadle, who would perform the task by wandering around the community, knocking on each household's door.〔 In Neustadt, he would knock four times, in the pattern KNOCK - pause - KNOCK KNOCK - pause - KNOCK; Israel Isserlein (a famous rabbi from Neustadt) argued that this pattern was a reference to the Biblical phrase ''I shall come to thee and bless thee'' (in gematria, the letters of the first word of this phrase have the values 1, 2, and 1, respectively).〔 In the Rhine, the custom was to strike merely thrice, in the pattern KNOCK - pause - KNOCK KNOCK.〔 In mediaeval Eastern Europe, the ''schulklopfer'' also had the role of individually inviting people to marriage ceremonies (''nissuin''); the invitations were made to the entire community by the ''schulklopfer'' on the morning of the marriage ceremony itself (such ceremonies were usually an evening affair) The name stems from the Holy Roman Empire (Germany) in the middle ages.〔 Christians in nearby communities sometimes referred to ''schulklopfers'' as ''campanatores'' (a Latin term meaning ''bell-strikers'') or as ''Glöckner'' (German for ''bell-striker''); these were the terms which the Christian equivalents were given.〔 ==See also== *Muezzin (the Islamic equivalent) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Schulklopfer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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