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Scrapbooking
Scrapbooking is a method for preserving personal and family history in the form of a scrapbook. Typical memorabilia include photographs, printed media, and artwork. Scrapbook albums are often decorated and frequently contain extensive journaling. Scrapbooking is a hobby commonly practiced in many parts of world.
== History ==
In the 15th century, commonplace books, popular in England, emerged as a way to compile information that included recipes, quotations, letters, poems and more. Each commonplace book was unique to its creator's particular interests. Friendship albums became popular in the 16th century. These albums were used much like modern day yearbooks, where friends or patrons would enter their names, titles and short texts or illustrations at the request of the album's owner. These albums were often created as souvenirs of European tours and would contain local memorabilia including coats of arms or works of art commissioned by local artisans.〔Katritzky, M. A., "The Art of Commedia: A Study in the Commdia Dell'Arte 1560-1620 with Special Reference to the Visual Records", 2006, Rodopi Publishing〕 Starting in 1570, it became fashionable to incorporate colored plates depicting popular scenes such as Venetian costumes or Carnival scenes. These provided affordable options as compared to original works and, as such, these plates were not sold to commemorate or document a specific event, but specifically as embellishments for albums.〔 In 1775, James Granger published a history of England with several blank pages at the end of the book. The pages were designed to allow the book's owner to personalize the book with his own memorabilia.〔Tucker, S., Ott, K., Buckler, P., "The Scrapbook in American Life", 2006, Temple University Press〕 The practice of pasting engravings, lithographs and other illustrations into books, or even taking the books apart, inserting new matter, and rebinding them, became known as extra-illustrating or ''grangerizing''.〔 Additionally, friendship albums and school yearbooks afforded girls in the 18th and 19th centuries an outlet through which to share their literary skills, and allowed girls an opportunity to document their own personalized historical record〔Greer, J., "Girls and Literacy in America: Historical Perspectives to the Present Moment", 2003, ABC-CLIO〕 previously not readily available to them.
The advent of modern photography began with the first permanent photograph created by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce in 1826. This allowed the average person to begin to incorporate photographs into their scrapbooks.
Old scrapbooks tended to have photos mounted with photomounting corners and perhaps notations of who was in a photo or where and when it was taken. They often included bits of memorabilia like newspaper clippings, letters, etc. An early known American scrapbooker and inventor of scrapbooking supplies was Mark Twain also known as Samuel Clemmens. Twain was known to carry scrapbooks on his travels as he collected souvenirs, clippings and pictures.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=7 August 2015 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=7 August 2015 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=7 August 2015 )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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