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Criticism of Google includes aggressive and contrived tax avoidance, antitrust, alleged misuse and manipulation of search results, its use of others' intellectual property, concerns that its compilation of data may violate people's privacy, censorship of search results and content, and the energy consumption of its servers as well as concerns over traditional business issues such as monopoly, restraint of trade, and "stealing ideas" from other companies. Google Inc. is an American multinational public corporation invested in Internet search, cloud computing, and advertising technologies. Google hosts and develops a number of Internet-based services and products,〔See: List of Google products.〕 and generates profit primarily from advertising through its AdWords program.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Financial Tables )〕 Google's stated mission is "to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful";〔(Google Corporate Page ), accessed October 17, 2011〕 this mission, and the means used to accomplish it, have raised concerns among the company's critics. Much of the criticism pertains to issues that have not yet been addressed by cyber law. ==Aggressive tax avoidance== Google has been accused by a number of countries of avoiding paying tens of billions of dollars of tax through a convoluted scheme of inter-company licensing agreements and transfers to tax havens.〔http://www.taxresearch.org.uk/Blog/2012/12/14/the-biggest-threat-to-democracy-comes-from-companies-like-google/〕 For example, Google has used highly contrived and artificial distinctions to avoid paying billions of pounds in corporation tax owed by its UK operations.〔http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/may/16/google-told-by-mp-you-do-do-evil〕 On 16 May 2013, Margaret Hodge MP, the chair of the United Kingdom Public Accounts Committee accused Google's of being "calculated and unethical" over its use of the scheme.〔 In 2015, the UK Government introduced a new law intended to penalise Google and other large multinational corporations's artificial tax avoidance.〔http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-31942639〕 Google Chairman Eric Schmidt has claimed that this scheme of Google〔 is "capitalism".〔http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/google/9739039/Googles-tax-avoidance-is-called-capitalism-says-chairman-Eric-Schmidt.html〕 and that he was "very proud of it".〔http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/google-boss-im-very-proud-of-our-tax-avoidance-scheme-8411974.html〕 Schmidt was also criticised for his inaccurate use of the term 'capitalism' to describe billions of dollars being transferred into tax havens where no economic activity was actually taking place.〔http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/nov/12/amazon-google-starbucks-tax-pac〕 Google cut its taxes by $3.1 billion in the period of 2007 to 2009 using a technique that moves most of its foreign profits through Ireland and The Netherlands to Bermuda. Google's income shifting—involving strategies known to lawyers as the "Double Irish" and the "Dutch Sandwich"—helped reduce its overseas tax rate to 2.4 percent, the lowest of the top five U.S. technology companies by market capitalization, according to regulatory filings in six countries. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Criticism of Google」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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