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Self-agency, also known as the phenomenal will, is the sense that some actions are self-generated. Scientist Benjamin Libet was the first to study self-agency. He discovered that brain activity predicts the action before one even has conscious awareness of his or her intention to act upon that action. The most influential psychologist in the topic of self-agency was Daniel Wegner, who created the three criteria of self-agency: priority, exclusivity, and consistency. According to Wegner, priority means that an action must be planned of being done before the action is initiated. The interval between the action and the effect is known as the intentional binding. Another criteria for self-agency is exclusivity, which means the effect is due to the person’s action and not because of other potential causes for the effect. The last criteria Wegner suggested was consistency. Consistency is the criteria that the one’s planned action must occur as planned. Internal motor cues are also an indicator in deciding whether an action was used with self-agency and can be measured by the generation of movement. If the predicted sensory state matches the actual sensory state, then self-agency has likely occurred. No models that predict agency have ever been proved. == Self-Agency as inference under uncertainty == Fritz Heider & Mary-Ann Simmel (1944) conducted seminal work on the perception of external causal events. Work on attribution of agency to oneself, however, began with Benjamin Libet's famous demonstration that brain activity predictive of action precedes conscious awareness of the intention to act (Libet, Gleason, Wright, & Pearl 1983; Libet 1985). Since this demonstration psychologists have been trying to determine the relationship between the sense of agency, also known as the phenomenal will, and actual self-agency. Daniel Wegner’s influential book The Illusion of Conscious Will (Illusion of control; 2002; see also Wegner 2003 and 2004) posits the phenomenal will as the illusory product of post hoc inference. Sense of agency, on this view, is a product of fallible post hoc inference rather than infallible direct access to one’s conscious force of will. The attribution of self-agency is made most strongly when the following three conditions are met: priority, exclusivity, and consistency. Thus, one’s action must be the exclusive potential cause of the event (exclusivity), one must have had prior thoughts or plans about the action before it occurred (priority), and the action the occurred must match the action that was planned (consistency). An inference of self-agency is thus made under at least three parameters of uncertainty. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Self-agency」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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