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Semele (; (ギリシア語:Σεμέλη) ''Semelē''), in Greek mythology, daughter of the Boeotian hero Cadmus and Harmonia, was the mortal mother〔Although Dionysus is called the son of Zeus (see (The cult of Dionysus : legends and practice ), (Dionysus, Greek god of wine & festivity ), (The Olympian Gods ), (Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology ), (The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2007 ), etc.), Barbara Walker, in ''The Woman's Encyclopedia of Myths and Secrets,'' (Harper/Collins, 1983) calls Semele the "Virgin Mother of Dionysus", a term that contradicts the picture given in the ancient sources: (Hesiod ) calls him "Dionysus whom Cadmus' daughter Semele bare of union with Zeus", (Euripides ) calls him son of Zeus, (Ovid ) tells how his mother Semele, rather than Hera, was "to Jove's embrace preferred", (Apollodorus ) says that "Zeus loved Semele and bedded with her".〕 of Dionysus by Zeus in one of his many origin myths. Certain elements of the cult of Dionysos and Semele came from the Phrygians.〔Martin Nillson (1967).''Die Geschichte der Griechischen Religion, Vol I''. C. H. Beck Verlag. Munchen p. 378〕 These were modified, expanded and elaborated by the Ionian Greek invaders and colonists. Herodotus, who gives the account of Cadmus, estimates that Semele lived sixteen hundred years before his time, or around 2000 BCE〔Herodotus, Histories, II, (2.145 )〕 In Rome, the goddess Stimula was identified as Semele. ==Etymology== According to some linguists the name "Semele" is Thraco-Phrygian,〔Kerenyi 1976 p. 107; Seltman 1956〕 derived from a PIE root meaning "earth".〔Martin Nillson (1967).''Die Geschichte der Griechischen Religion, Vol I''. C. H. Beck Verlag. Munchen p. 568;〕 Julius Pokorny reconstructs her name from the PIE root '' *dgem-'' meaning "earth" and relates it with Thracian ''Zemele'', "mother earth".〔Julius Pokorny.''Indogermanisches Etymologisches Woerterbuch'': root '' *dgem''.Compare ''Damia'':"Demeter" (mother earth).〕〔Compare Žemyna (derived from žemė – earth), the goddess of the earth (mother goddess) in Lithuanian mythology, and Zeme, also referred to as Zemes-mãte,a Slavic and Latvian goddess of the earth :Ann, Martha and Myers Imel, Dorothy. 1993. Goddesses in World Mythology. Santa Barbara. CA: ABC-CLIO.〕 However, Burkert says that while Semele is "manifestly non-Greek", he also says that "it is no more possible to confirm that Semele is a Thraco-Phrygian word for earth than it is to prove the priority of the Lydian ''baki''- over Bacchus as a name for Dionysos".〔Walter Burkert (1985), ''Greek Religion'', p. 163〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Semele」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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